Prendre Conjugation in French, Translation, and Examples

The French verb prendre,  which commonly means to take,  is a frequently used and very flexible  irregular French -re verb. The good news is that  prendre can help you learn similar verbs. In this article you can find the different meanings and the most frequently used prendre conjugations: the present, present progressive, compound past, imperfect, simple future, near future indicative, the conditional, the present subjunctive, as well as the imperative and the gerund of prendre. There are other verb tenses for prendre, but they are not used as frequently. For example, the passà © simple and imperfect subjunctive are formal and most often found in writing. Prendre Is the Model for an Irregular -re Verb Subgroup There are patterns for irregular French  -re verbs, and  prendre  is in one of those groups. In fact, all verbs ending in the root word  -prendre  are conjugated the same way. These verbs drop the d in all three plural forms and take a double n in the third person plural.   This means that after you learn the conjugations for  prendre, you can apply what you learned to conjugate these other verbs: Apprendre   to learnComprendre  Ã‚  to understandEntreprendre  Ã‚  to undertakeMà ©prendre  Ã‚  to mistakeReprendre  Ã‚  to retake, take againSurprendre  Ã‚  to surprise The Many Meanings of Prendre The verb  prendre  usually means to take, both literally and figuratively. Il ma pris par le bras.  Ã‚  He took me by the arm.Tu peux prendre le livre.  Ã‚  You can take the book.Je vais prendre une photo.  Ã‚  Im going to take a picture.Prenez votre temps. Take your time. Prendre  is such a flexible verb that it can change meanings based on the context. The following is a list of some of the uses of prendre, although there are many more. Prendre  can mean to come over or to strike: La colà ¨re ma pris.   I was overcome with anger.Quest-ce qui te prend  ?  (informal)   Whats come over you? Whats the matter with you? Prendre may also mean to catch in instances such as: Je lai pris à   tricher.   I caught him cheating. There are times when prendre  will take on the meaning of to take in, to dupe, or to fool: On ne my prendra plus !   They wont fool me again! You may also use prendre when you want to say to handle or to deal with: Il y a plusieurs moyens de prendre le problà ¨me.   There are several ways to deal with the problem. One of your options for saying to set is a form of  prendre: Le ciment na pas encore pris. The cement hasnt set yet.   When you want to say to do well, to catch on, or to be successful you can also turn to  prendre: Ce livre va prendre.   This book is going to be a great success. Sometimes, prendre  can even mean to catch or to start: Jespà ¨re que le bois va prendre.   I hope the wood catches on fire. Finally, prendre  can also mean to pick up or to fetch, especially when used with another verb: Passe me prendre à   midi.   Come pick me up at noon.Peux-tu me prendre demain  ? Can you pick me up tomorrow? Using Se Prendre The  pronominal  se prendre  has several meanings as well. To consider oneself:  Il se prend pour un expert.   He thinks hes an expert.To get caught, trapped:  Ma manche sest prise dans la porte.   My sleeve got caught in the door. You may also use  sen prendre à  , which means  to blame, to challenge, or to attack: Tu ne peux ten prendre quà   toi-mà ªme.   You only have yourself to blame.Il sen est pris à   son chien.   He took it out on his dog. Similarly, the construction  sy prendre à  Ã‚  means to do something about it: Il faut sy prendre.   We have to do something about it. We have to take care of it. Expressions With Prendre There are many  idiomatic expressions  using the French verb  prendre.  Among the most common are these which you can use to practice your  prendre  conjugations. Prendre sa retraite   to retirePrendre une dà ©cision   to make a decisionPrendre  un pot  (informal) to have a drinkQuest-ce qui ta pris  ?   Whats gotten into you?Être pris   to be tied up, busy Present Indicative Je prends Je prends le petit dà ©jeuner à   7 heures du matin. I have breakfast at 7 in the morning. Tu prends Tu prends le train pour aller travailler. You take the train to go to work. Il/Elle/On prend Elle prend un verre de vin à   la fin de la journà ©e. She has a glass of wine at the end of the day. Nous prenons Nous prenons beaucoup de photos pendant le voyage. We take many photos during the trip. Vous prenez Vous prenez le livre de la bibliothà ¨que. You take the book from the library. Ils/Elles prennent Ils prennent des notes en classe. They take notes in class. Present Progressive Indicative The present progressive in French is formed with the present tense conjugation of the verb à ªtre (to be) en train de the infinitive verb (prendre). Je suis en train de prendre Je suis en train de prendre le petit dà ©jeuner à   7 heures du matin. I am having breakfast at 7 in the morning. Tu es en train de prendre Tu es en train de prendre le train pour aller travailler. You are taking the train to go to work. Il/Elle/On est en train de prendre Elle est en train de prendre un verre de vin à   la fin de la journà ©e. She is having a glass of wine at the end of the day. Nous sommes en train de prendre Nous sommes en train de prendre beaucoup de photos pendant le voyage. We are taking many photos during the trip. Vous à ªtes en train de prendre Vous à ªtes en train de prendre le livre de la bibliothà ¨que. You are taking the book from the library. Ils/Elles sont en train de prendre Ils sont en train de prendre des notes en classe. They are taking notes in class. Compound Past Indicative The  passà © composà ©Ã‚  is translated to English as the simple past. It is formed using the auxiliary verb  avoir  and the past participle  pris.  For example, we took is  nous avons pris. Je ai pris J'ai pris le petit dà ©jeuner à   7 heures du matin. I had breakfast at 7 in the morning. Tu as pris Tu as pris le train pour aller travailler. You took the train to go to work. Il/Elle/On a pris Elle a pris un verre de vin à   la fin de la journà ©e. She had a glass of wine at the end of the day. Nous avons pris Nous avons pris beaucoup de photos pendant le voyage. We took many photos during the trip. Vous avez pris Vous avez pris le livre de la bibliothà ¨que. You took the book from the library. Ils/Elles ont pris Ils ont pris des notes en classe. They took notes in class. Imperfect Indicative The imperfect tense is used to talk about ongoing events or repeated actions in the past. It can be translated to English as was taking or used to take. Je prenais Je prenais le petit dà ©jeuner à   7 heures du matin. I used to eat breakfast at 7 in the morning. Tu prenais Tu prenais le train pour aller travailler. You used to take the train to go to work. Il/Elle/On prenait Elle prenait un verre de vin à   la fin de la journà ©e. She used to have a glass of wine at the end of the day. Nous prenions Nous prenions beaucoup de photos pendant le voyage. We used to take many photos during the trip. Vous preniez Vous preniez le livre de la bibliothà ¨que. You used to take the book from the library. Ils/Elles prenaient Ils prenaient des notes en classe. They used to take notes in class. Simple Future Indicative Je prendrai Je prendrai le petit dà ©jeuner à   7 heures du matin. I will eat breakfast at 7 in the morning. Tu prendras Tu prendras le train pour aller travailler. You will take the train to go to work. Il/Elle/On prendra Elle prendra un verre de vin à   la fin de la journà ©e. She will have a glass of wine at the end of the day. Nous prendrons Nous prendrons beaucoup de photos pendant le voyage. We will take many photos during the trip. Vous prendrez Vous prendrez le livre de la bibliothà ¨que. You will take the book from the library. Ils/Elles prendront Ils prendront des notes en classe. They will take notes in class. Near Future Indicative The near future is translated to English as going to verb. In French it is formed with the present tense conjugation of the verb aller (to go) the infinitive (prendre). Je vais prendre Je vais prendre le petit dà ©jeuner à   7 heures du matin. I am going to eat breakfast at 7 in the morning. Tu vas prendre Tu vas prendre le train pour aller travailler. You are going to take the train to go to work. Il/Elle/On va prendre Elle va prendre un verre de vin à   la fin de la journà ©e. She is going to have a glass of wine at the end of the day. Nous allons prendre Nous allons prendre beaucoup de photos pendant le voyage. We are going to take many photos during the trip. Vous allez prendre Vous allez prendre le livre de la bibliothà ¨que. You are going to take the book from the library. Ils/Elles vont prendre Ils vont prendre des notes en classe. They are going to take notes in class. Conditional The conditional is used to talk about hypothetical or possible events. It can be used to form if clauses or to express a polite request. Je prendrais Je prendrais le petit dà ©jeuner à   7 heures du matin si j'avais le temps. I would eat breakfast at 7 in the morning if I had the time. Tu prendrais Tu prendrais le train pour aller travailler si c'à ©tait moins coà »teux. You would take the train to go to work if it were less expensive. Il/Elle/On prendrait Elle prendrait un verre de vin à   la fin de la journà ©e si elle n'à ©tait trop fatiguà ©e. She would have a glass of wine at the end of the day if she were not too tired. Nous prendrions Nous prendrions beaucoup de photos pendant le voyage si nous avions une bonne camà ©ra. We would take many photos during the trip if we had a good camera. Vous prendriez Vous prendriez le livre de la bibliothà ¨que si vous le vouliez. You would take the book from the library if you wanted it. Ils/Elles prendraient Ils prendraient des notes en classe s'ils pouvaient. They would take notes in class if they could. Present Subjunctive You will use the subjunctive whenever the action of taking is uncertain. Que je prenne Marie propose que je prenne le petit dà ©jeuner à   7 heures du matin. Marie proposes that I eat breakfast at 7 in the morning. Que tu prennes Jacques suggà ¨re que tu prennes le train pour aller travailler. Jacques suggests that you take the train to go to work. Qu'il/elle/on prenne Anne conseille qu'elle prenne un verre de vin à   la fin de la journà ©e. Anne advises that shehave a glass of wine at the end of the day. Que nous prenions Notre mà ¨re exige que nous prenions beaucoup de photos pendant le voyage. Our mother demands that we take many photos during the trip. Que vous preniez Laurent prà ©fà ¨re que vous preniez le livre de la bibliothà ¨que. Laurent prefers that you take the book from the library. Qu'ils/elles prennent Le professeur souhaite qu'ils prennent des notes en classe. The professor wishes that they take notes in class. Imperative When using  prendre  in the  imperative  to express a command, you do not need to state the subject pronoun. For instance, use  prends  rather than  tu prends. To form the negative commands, simply place ne...pas around the positive command. Positive commands Tu prends ! Prends le train pour aller travailler ! Take the train to go to work! Nous prenons! Prenons beaucoup de photos pendant le voyage ! Let's take many photos during the trip! Vous preniez! Preniez le livre de la bibliothà ¨que ! Take the book from the library! Negative commands Tu ne prends pas ! Ne prends pas le train pour aller travailler ! Don't take the train to go to work! Nous ne prenons pas! Ne prenons pas beaucoup de photos pendant le voyage ! Let's not take many photos during the trip! Vous ne preniez pas! Ne preniez pas le livre de la bibliothà ¨que ! Don't take the book from the library! Present Participle/Gerund The  present participle  in French has several different uses. One of them is to form the gerund (usually preceded by the preposition en), which is often used to talk about simultaneous actions. Present participle/gerund ofPrendre prenant Je t'ai vu en prenant mon petit dà ©jeuner. I saw you while I was eating my breakfast.

The Fast Food Industry Positioning and Competitive Advantage

The Fast Food Industry: Positioning and Competitive Advantage INTRODUCTION The fast food industry is an ever growing industry regardless of the concerns from many about the health and obesity risks. Despite these risks associated with fast food consumers continue to return indicating there is a high level of competition amongst several members of this industry. This paper will examine and discuss the five following major fast food restaurant chains: McDonald’s, Burger King, Wendy’s, Taco Bell, and Sonic. The all intensive purpose of this paper is to focus on the fast food restaurant industry by exploring the above mentioned chains, the competitive factors in which encompass the industry, the company level factors that capture the firm’s†¦show more content†¦Sonic is the largest chain of drive-in restaurants in America. As a business, we continue to thrive, maintaining strong real sales growth, industry-leading customer frequency and high returns for our stockholders† (â€Å"Corporate Profile†). Each re staurant is significant to the industry in its own way. Some of the restaurants sell similar substitute products, while some restaurants such as Taco Bell sell a different product while implementing the ability to remain at the low fast food pricing. NAICS All industries are given a North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) Code. According to the United States Census (2012) the NAICS was developed â€Å"as the standard for use by the Federal statistical agencies in classifying business establishments for the collection, tabulation, presentation, and analysis of statistical data describing the U.S. economy† (Census.gov). The United States Census classifies the fast food industry with a NAICS number of 722211 under the Limited-Service Restaurant (Census.gov). According to the United States Census definition a limited-service restaurant is described as â€Å"a U.S. industry comprising establishments primarily engaged in providing food services (except snack and nonalcoholic beverage bars) where patrons generally order or select items and pay before eating. Food and drink may be consumed on premises, taken out, or delivered to customers’ location. Some establishments in this industry may provide these food servic es in combinationShow MoreRelatedPositioning : The Battle For Your Mind, Al Ries And Jack Trout1370 Words   |  6 PagesIn the book, Positioning: The Battle for your Mind, Al Ries and Jack Trout teach businesses how to use positioning as a communication tool to reach target customers in an overcrowded marketplace. For many years, many people focus marketing based on the four pieces, which are product, price, promotion, and distribution. 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Positioning Strategy of Burger King†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.5 5. Brand Equity of Burger King†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.5 6. Communication Strategy of Burger King†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..6 7. Pricing Strategy of Burger King†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.7 8. Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦7 9. References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦8 Marketing Strategy of Burger King Burger King, a leader in fast-food industryRead MoreGeneral Mills Case Analysis1454 Words   |  6 Pagescereal division, restaurant chains and packaged consumer foods. The cereal industry was profitable and had been one of the most concentrated industries, and the big Three companies had a dominant position in this industry. However, although the high profitability attracted fewer entry company due to the high entry barrier restrained by the joint monopoly of the Big Three, they were facing the threat of private label companies which grew fast in market share of sales and volume. Therefore, what is

Problem and solution Essay Example For Students

Problem and solution Essay Drinking age- . What should the age be for everyone to drink? This here is a common question all over the United States amoung teens and adults. Many feel that different ages should be the standard. Some feel that the current age is acceptable. While the age is now standing at 21 years old many minors are still drinking away at parties without there parents knowing. They are drinking at alarming rates, and often abuse it. This needs a solution more then just a general age for purchase. Morels and responsibility are the main way to steer away from the abuse and neglect of alcohol.In the United States. when someone reaches the golden age 18, they are legally an adult. At 18 they can drive, buy the license to marry, they can now vote, pay taxes, and take out loans whenever they need the little extra money in their hands. But, even though they have all them legally rights now that they are now the big 18, they still cannot purchase or drink alcohol. There are still three more years for them until drinking alcohol is legal for them. Many feel that this is why the drinking age should be lowered in the United States. Taking a different standpoint on this issue, the legalized drinking age should be lowerd to allow young adults starting at 18 to drink under the supervision in controlled environments such as restaurants, taverns,pubs, and offical school and university functions. Supervised, moderate exposure to alcohol in the home with family lays foundation for a healthy respect for alcohol and its associated responsibilities. Responable drinking, in these situations, can be taught through the educational programs or by their peers. That would develop more mature and rational drinking behavior. More than 37% of underage people are heavy drinkers. Only 30% of adults are heavy drinkers. If the underage drinkers were taught the right way to drink, instead of binge drinking, correcting our existing problem of abusive drinking would become much easier. The age law segregates our youth, while it is intended to protect society. Regrettably, it has backfired. Drinking age laws does a decent job of keeping young people from purchasing alcohol in most cases, but that does not stop them from being apart of events and parties dealing with the influence of alcohol. If considered an adult and expected to act like one at age 18 is it right to restrict them to a drinking age of 21? Who ever says that 21 is the age that everybody is one intelligent and mature adult to consume alcohol? Surely enough some adults abuse alcohol and some teenagers would be perfectly able to drink responibly. While 21 may be the legal drinking age in the U.S. , but no one really has evidence existing thats proving that this is the age at which young people can safely begin drinking alcohol. On the contrary, 16-25 years old have more drink-drive related accidents than any other age in the whole country. Althought DUI numbers may or may not change if the drinking age was lowered, the DUI numbers would rise a lot but quickly. Lowering the drinking age would take away some of the temptation. Its not as much fun when its allowed! The most common reason for underage drinking is because alcohol is seen as the forbidden fruit or a badge of rebellion against authourity and a symbol of adulthood. A study by Dr. Ruth Engs, professor of applied health and science, found that by increasing the legal age, young people tend to abuse alcohol more. In actuality, to raise the drinking age was much more worse than doing nothing. Drinking is more exciting when it is illegal, along with many bad habits. Many people go out and binge drink simply because they know they should no be drinking at all with them being underage. .u40d092027204cda08619b042e44e537e , .u40d092027204cda08619b042e44e537e .postImageUrl , .u40d092027204cda08619b042e44e537e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u40d092027204cda08619b042e44e537e , .u40d092027204cda08619b042e44e537e:hover , .u40d092027204cda08619b042e44e537e:visited , .u40d092027204cda08619b042e44e537e:active { border:0!important; } .u40d092027204cda08619b042e44e537e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u40d092027204cda08619b042e44e537e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u40d092027204cda08619b042e44e537e:active , .u40d092027204cda08619b042e44e537e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u40d092027204cda08619b042e44e537e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u40d092027204cda08619b042e44e537e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u40d092027204cda08619b042e44e537e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u40d092027204cda08619b042e44e537e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u40d092027204cda08619b042e44e537e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u40d092027204cda08619b042e44e537e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u40d092027204cda08619b042e44e537e .u40d092027204cda08619b042e44e537e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u40d092027204cda08619b042e44e537e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Atomic Bomb 3 Essay Im sure they all know better to wait to be 21 before drinking under the influence. Leaving prohibitions on alcohol mostly to the family is the best tactic, if the aim is to decrease binge and drinking minors. The focus should be on the safe consumptions instead of age restrictions. Other countries like Spain, Fance, and Portugal have a much lower rate of alcohol misuse. This comes from educated and gradual drinking. many people who have lived in Europe feel that people were drinking more responsibily in groups, rather than with a few friends getting passed out drunk. American teens have not yet learned to drink gradually or in moderation. We need to focus on the most important thing of all is educating all our young people that wanna drink about the safety of drinking and as a social activity, instead a type of liberation. Why is there still a problem if education in alcohol currently exists? Thats easy, current education in high school and college about the influence of alcohol is set up like this:Here is how you drink responibly, now dont you do this because you are too young. How does anyone expect people to listen to education like this? Here this is how you drink responsibly they need to show the young teens car wrecks, any type of accidents that has happened while being under the influence, then maybe that will reach out to all them young adults easier and for the better. So, educate young adults, trust them. Treat the young adults like children and they will act like children. Treat young adults as responsible adults they will act maturely. While most parents agree that serving alcohol to groups of minors should be forbidden, many parents also reserve the right to introduce their teenage kids to alcohol. We should allow drinking under supervision at an early age, because this teaches and develops more responsibile acts of drinking, The main goal for us is , we must set as a society is to teach responsibility through peers and parents on the proper usage of alcohol. We must look past and just an age group and fix the abuse. While lowering and teaching values may help its unknown, what will inevitably happen if we do. It will take society as a whole change the mindset we are in. This will take many years to fix and may never be fixed completely. There always seems to be more problems then solutions.

What were the problems faced by Henry IV on His accession and how did he attempt to solve them Essay Example

What were the problems faced by Henry IV on His accession and how did he attempt to solve them Essay In the late 16th Century, there was a lot of trouble and there would be for a few years in Europe. This was particularly apparent in France under the reign of Henry III. The way in which Henry came to power was unexpected and was amidst a whole load of controversy. Henry III was assassinated and he had no natural heir to the throne of France. So on his deathbed he named Henry of Navarre to the throne, the problem was that he was a Protestant and he would have to convert before becoming the French King. This is only the beginning of the trouble and bothers that Henry of Navarre would have to deal with during his reign. The reason why Henry III gave the throne to Henry of Navarre was due to their friendship and the fact that they were allies in a war against the League and the man they named as the heir to the throne called Charles X. in a battle to win Paris back from this group Henry III was assassinated. Henry IV had to endure a number of problems during his reign and this essay wil l say what they were and how they were solved.Inn France there was a civil war; it was called the War of the Three Henrys. In order for Henry to secure his realm he needed to secure a power base. The only was he was going to be able to do this was to win back Paris from the forces of Henry of Guise. This was a major problem, as Henry needed to bring peace; he also had a severe shortage in men compared to the vast army of Mayenne. Henry was able to defeat the 24,000 strong army of Mayenne with only 5000 men; he did this at the Battle of Arques. He then went on to try and take over Paris but was unsuccessful. He was then able to return to Normandy and conquered another number of cities. There was another battle at the Battle of Ivry where the forces of Mayenne where supplemented by Philip II of Spain. Then as it looked as if Henry was going to finally take over the capital of Paris, the Duke of Parma came to the rescue and was able to join with the League to make the army 24,000 stron g, again Henry IV was forced to leave. Again, Henry realised that he needed to take another stronghold of the League to reinforce his power and so he focused on the Leagues other stronghold of Rouen in Normandy. Unfortunately for Henry, Parmas army again pushed Henry back. This was the end for the Henry and he had to think of a new game plan in order to capture Paris.The second one of Henrys problems was his religion at the moment he was a protestant and it was the reason why Henry was at war with Henry of Guise and Philip II of Spain. In order for Henry to be recognised as king of France then he would have to become a catholic. So, on 17 may 1593 the Archbishop of Bourges announced that Henry was to become Catholic. In July he went St. Denis to receive instruction from a group of Bishops, so on the 25 July he abjured his protestant faith. So there were massive street parties and a large street procession, with the cheers of long live the King. In 1594 he was finally pronounced king and he had his coronation. The only problems were now with controlling the battling religions in France and creating peace and not civil war. The other was with the Spanish garrison still in Paris, this was swiftly dealt with by opening the gates from inside and by letting Henrys troops flood in. The success was completed with the blessing of the Pope and the reconquest of Amiens in 1597 and the Peace of Vervins in 1598. Along with the peace of Vervin there was another peace settlement, this one was within the country and was to prevent civil war between the Catholics and the Protestants.This settlement was called the Edict of Nantes and was made to establish the good and lasting peace. It gave the opportunities for the Huguenots to practice their religion, they were able to practice on the grounds of a nobleman, at two places in each baillage and wherever they could prove that their faith had been openly practiced in 1596 and 1597. They were able to hold any position in state and enter any profession, they were granted access to any schools, universities and hospitals. It was also judged that any legal case should be in front of a court including Protestants and Catholics. However, this was not complete peace there was opposition to it, and this was made known by certain extreme groups. There were some doubters in the court but after Henry IVs speech on the registration of the Edict of Nantes they soon changed their mind, as it was very well constructed and very emotive. Henry IV came to power with a lot of religious problems along with the fact that religious war was looming, however through his pragmatism and peaceful ideals he was able to deal with these problems.Before Henry had come to the throne, the war in which the previous monarch had been involved in was disastrous for the countrys economy and so it was up to Henry to find out how to sort them out. Henry was in debts of 138 livres; the crown owed money to the English crown, German princes, Swiss Ca ntons and the Grand Duke of Tuscany. He did this by employing the protestant, the Duke of Sully. Henry began to develop0 the ideals of absolutism and started to rebuild the nations capital. He also started to rebuild the state industry for business. In 1602 he started the Council of Commerce, which fostered the silk industry. He also set up factories for tapestry production such as the Gobbelins Factory.The country also began to make progresses in the production of morocco leather, paper, fine glass and metallurgical industries. This new stability of Henrys reign brought about a new revival in agriculture, harvests got better, cash crops increased and generally every one was enjoying the reign of Henry. The duke of sully also started to invest in developing bridges, canals and improving roads. He made sure all the work was done to a high standard by inspecting it through a team of inspectors and treasurers, so he used centre control. Sully had the largest role to play in reducing hi s countrys debt. He did this with the use of ten major ways. The first way was the storage of bullion in the Royal Treasury, this was where all the real money was kept and from this all the countrys wealth could really be counted.It also allowed the country to have some backup if the country really needed it, like in the case of war. There was a reduction of debts to foreign states, many debts were settled privately. With the marriage to Marie de Medici a lot of debt was also wiped off, along with a large sum of money given to Henry IV. Past debts were also written off and treasurers were told not to pass any of those debts into existing budgets. It was also recommended that certain Rentes should be discontinued and that interest rates should be reduced on others. There was also a reduction in direct tax and an increase in indirect tax.This was most poignant on Le Gabelle, which was a tax on salt, which everyone needed. There was also the introduction of the Paulette, which was basi cally a cash payment worth a 1/16th of the assessed price of an office. Sully also made the work of Provincial Treasurers more efficiency and often checked up on defaulters. He also imposed a tight supervision on expenditure and could control it when in times of hardship. He also attempted to reform the provincial financial administration. He also increased the growth of the Privy Council. All in all Sully did well he reduced the Kings debts by a lot and was able to increase income, he was most definitely the most valuable asset in helping the king with his financial problem.Another problem faced by Henry IV was provincialism and the lack of central power. Due to the vast size of France it was very hard to keep a track on every part of the country. This was why different rules were placed in different places and why central government rules were not followed in others. It all came down to the lords and the nobles who were looking after the lands. A way in which henry tried to combat this was to move Provincial Governors from where they were used to being. He moved them to unfamiliar territory so they didnt know anyone and wouldnt be able to start a revolt or try and screw the King in some way. He did this to the Duke of Guise and the Duke of Conde.Most of his Provincial Governors were military commanders and they did a lot for the King. They ensured the effective expenditure of taxation, they worked on roads, bridges and fords, and they tried to exercise control over the nobility and other local political groups. Local Parlements were also very active; the king appointed their presidents and tried influencing their work. However, quite often they rejected Edicts in both religion and taxation. However hard the King tried to keep control over the groups there were always local revolts and murders of royal officials so he had to fight hard to try and keep some form of central control.The last main problem that henry had was the constant threat of Spain. With Spai n controlling Spain, the Spanish Netherlands, and Italy along with many other colonies it was a major threat to France. With Spain being the most dominant and strongest force in Europe it was very threatening with Spain being on the doorstep. The Spanish were constantly involved in French business due to the war going on before Henry IV came to power and the way in which they had to leave Paris. Philip II was also involved in the plots against France and didnt like the way in which the Protestants were being treated as he felt that they were being treated to good. He wasnt also very pleased in the way in which Henry converted to Catholicism and promised to get rid of the Protestants, but instead used the Edict of Nantes to maintain peace. Spain also used their wealth to influence Provincial Governors and to cause revolts with the peasantry to make it hard for France.In conclusion henry had a lot of problems on his accession to the throne, and he dealt with them very well. He had bee n threatened of civil war and he obviously didnt want this as it would put the country into debt and would be the worst thing that could possibly happen to the country. Other problems he had were religion and the way in which he dealt with religion. He dealt with it well, to keep the peace. He also improved the countrys finance, tried to keep provincialism under order due to the size of the country. He also did well to keep Spain off his back. So finally Henry IV had a lot of problems as most monarchs of his time but managed to deal with them sufficiently.

Bipolar Disorder and Its Effects on Cognitive Mindset of Adults Essay Example

Bipolar Disorder and Its Effects on Cognitive Mindset of Adults Essay Example Bipolar Disorder and Its Effects on Cognitive Mindset of Adults Paper Bipolar Disorder and Its Effects on Cognitive Mindset of Adults Paper 1996) As issued by the National Institute of Mental Health (NIHM), and other researches the lifetime prevalence of manic episode was 0. 8%. Manic symptoms were often observed in the age group 18-29 and also in men more than women. The age group with highest prevalence rate was the adult age group of 30 – 44, in contrast to manic symptoms where the highest prevalence was in the age group 18 – 29. Since mania characterizes bipolar disorder because mania cannot be unipolar in form as depression can be, types of bipolar disorder are classified by the length or the course of manic episodes on the lifetime of the disease. (Ibid) Bipolar disorder, recently have two know types: Bipolar I and Bipolar II. Bipolar I disorder, according to DSM-IV, requires only one manic episode and no past major depressive episodes. (Keck et. al. , 1996). Across different sites bipolar I prevailed at the rates of 1. 2% in New Haven, 1. 0% in St. Louis, in contrast to Baltimore and Los Angeles with a rate of 0. 6% and Durham with 3. 4%. (Zarate Tohen, 1996) Bipolar II is characterized by one or two episodes of major depression and at least one episode of hypomania. The rates of bipolar II disorder were also inconsistence of on the sites, ranging from 0. 4% in Durham to 0. 6% in Baltimore. A one year prevalence report shows that the hishest rate of 1. 2% occurs in the age group of 30 – 44. BIPOLAR DISORDER AND EFFECTS ON ADULT COGNITION AND LEARNING Jean Piaget’s developmental theory on mental cognition employed a clinical method approach which treated human subjects as receiver of situations that appeals to the stimulus in which questions about such events are addressed to the subjects afterwards. Piaget’s developmental theory appeals to the mainstream cognitive science today. His influential theory is essential in the mode of the research since it resides to the concept that metal events for example focuses on the structure of knowledge and on the logical reasoning process. (Ormrod, 1995) It is important to note that bipolar could affect this process of thinking because the psychological effect of manic-depressive illness directly alters neural transmissions, via manipulations of neurotransmitters on the brain synapses. However, the research does not necessarily explain these alterations to the cellular level of neurotransmission. The concerns on Piaget’s developmental theory suggest some following ideas about human learning. One idea implicates that people or human beings are active processors of information. (Ormrod, 1995) If the scope would be narrow down to adult sufferers of bipolar disorder it is obvious that this fundamental function of human cognition is altered, especially on the onset of either the episode on major depression or the episode on mania. Both extremes exhibits symptoms of inability to concentrate properly and distractibility can be attributed to a decrease in information processing towards the brain. These could often lead to a significant lowering of cognitive power of the brain. Some forms of information processed from the environment to the adult sufferer can be transformed into another form which caused confusion which in turn to negative effects his work or job. This made us believe that adult sufferers of manic-depressive illness are not active processors of information. Deficits in sustained attention as measured by continuous performance testing on adult patients, comparing to those who have pure and mixed mania showed that patients with mixed mania exhibited a greater overall cognitive impairment. (Keck et. al. , 1996) Another idea on cognitive learning by Piaget is his notion that cognitive development results from the interaction of individuals with their physical and social environments. (Ormrod, 1995) During the episodes of depression, according to medical outcomes study by Wells and colleagues (1989) social functioning has worsened in patients with current depressive symptomatology. Social functioning were measured using a patient screener which measure several areas of functioning, including physical, role and functioning. The number of days spent in bed as well as perception of well-being is recorded. As compared with other chronic diseases like hypertension, gastrointestinal problems, depression exerted a greater adverse effect on social and role functioning than other chronic disorders. Other researches suggest that social impairment may persist after a symptom improvement. (Bolland Keller, 1996). CONCLUSION Bipolar disorder is a mood disorder and a psychological disability that negatively affects metal cognition of adult sufferers. It impairs cognitive functioning as well as social functioning. Jean Piaget’s theory on developmental cognition on its perceptions on information processing and social functioning is directly negated by the symptomatic implications of manic-depressive illness. References Bolland, R. and Keller, M. (1996) Outcome Studies of Depression in Adulthood. Mood Disorders Across Life Span. Pages 228 -229. Keck P. , McElroy, S. , Kmetz, G. , Sax K. (1996) Clinical Features of Mania in Adulthood. Mood Disorders Across Life Span. Pages 265 – 275. Ormrod, Jeanne Ellis. (1995) Human Learning. New Jersey: Prentice Hall. Suppes, T. and Rush, A. R. (1996) Evolving Clinical Characteristics or Distinct Disorders. Mood Disorders Across Life Span. Pages 3 – 14. Zarate, C. Tohen, M. (1996)Epidemiology of Mood Disorder Throughout the Life Cycle. Mood Disorders Across Life Span. Pages 17 – 28.

Lin Onuss Cultural Identity Seen in Fruit Bats Essay Example

Lin Onuss Cultural Identity Seen in Fruit Bats Essay Example Lin Onuss Cultural Identity Seen in Fruit Bats Paper Lin Onuss Cultural Identity Seen in Fruit Bats Paper He became a professional artist In the year of 1974, throughout his artistic life he became a exceedingly creative artist and arts administrator. From the very beginning of his days he was portrayed as an Ideal Australian, his cultural identity was clear. As he was born to an aboriginal father and a white mother, he was a living example of the conception that two people, even from different cultures, different upbringings and beliefs could come together as one. Two examples of artworks that demonstrate his cultural Identity are: Fruit Bats (1991 ) and Fruit Bats 1 991 Is a work that shows a combination of the two cultures that make Line Onus. This work visually shows the two societies slowly combining. The mall aspect of the artwork that shows the western cultures identity would be the hills hoist clothesline which is what the bats are hanging from. The Aboriginal aspects of this org that suggest the combining of the two different cultures are those such as the aboriginal symbol for bat droppings (Earner) which is in fact is made from the droppings from the bats hanging in this work. Another aboriginal characteristic of this work is that all ninety-nine fiberglass fruit bats have been painted with a type of Aboriginal pattering called rack. Not only do the traditional techniques used for the fruit bat droppings and patterns on each bat contrast with the current materials of today, they also contrast with the modern inspiration of these installations. The main characters in the work are the fruit bats these are presented as the link between the two cultures within one land. The droppings from these fruit bats could be interpreted to say the aboriginal culture is marking their territory. The fruit bats can therefore be seen to symbolism the will to repossess the land that rightfully belongs to the aboriginal people.

Boot camps Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Boot camps - Essay Example Gaylene Styve Armstrong is also an author and a visiting assistant professor who works with the Administration of Justice Department in Arizona State University West in Phoenix. Lastly, there is Ojmarrh Mitchell who is a research assistant professor in Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice in University of Maryland. Other than Mitchell, the rest of the authors are PhD holders. This research was funded and given full support after the funding by Corrections Program Office in the US Department of Justice. The funds were transferred to the researchers through the National Institute of Justice (NIJ). The problem under research was that despite the growth in the boot camps’ popularity over the years from 1990, the environment under which the correction to the juvenile offenders was carried out was still traditional using military-style methods of management. The research therefore aims to provide the staff of these boot camps with more control over the juveniles but at the same time maintain a safe environment for correction. The hypothesis is that the use of boot camps in comparison with the traditional facilities for juvenile offenders is more effective and provides more positive impact on juvenile correctional programs and institutions. The population studied was both the juveniles and the staff. The juveniles were 4121 and the staff 1362. The sampling technique employed was systematic sampling starting from the state to the agencies responsible for the boot camps and finally to the particular boot camps. This therefore made the sample to have 27 boot camps and 22 traditional facilities. The methods used to collect data were structured interviews and questionnaires. The questionnaires were administered to the juveniles and lower staff while the administrators were subjected to the structured interviews. The analysis was done by use of factor analysis method where fourteen scales (Perceptual Environmental

Natural hazard and disasters - floods Assignment

Natural hazard and disasters - floods - Assignment Example Floods are very devastating natural phenomenon. It is a temporary condition wherein dry lands are swamped with waters coming from the outflow of rivers, tidal waters, or from the unusual rapid accumulation of water from any source. Types of floods are riverine floods, flash flooding, storm surge, and dam failure. Riverine floods are caused by heavy rainfall when catch basins are no longer able to hold excess water. Storm surge in coastal areas due to a tidal wave, high tide, tsunami or hurricane. Dam failures are explosion of dams due to earthquake that cause great floods in down streams. Another kind of flood and most common is the â€Å"flash floods† that can occur almost anywhere when there is a sudden burst of intense rainfall wherein drainage is either clogged or it has not enough capacity to absorb. Usually, flash floods stay only for short hours. It is unlike river flooding that occurs in low-lying areas adjacent to river and streams that stays flooded for several days. (Geoscience Australia, August 2013.) 2. Explain the system used to classify floods. Several systems of floods classifications have been suggested by engineers and scientists, but I have not found a universal application that is appropriate for a region. For instance, Luke Howard Classification System (n.d.), depends on clouds classification. Accordingly, his system has been used for many years. For Luke, the appearance of clouds formation dictates the amount of rainfall. But to me, this is not the systematic way of classifying floods. Experts today have arrived at a more methodological manner of classifying floods. The National Geographic (2013) said hydrologists used past flood patterns to predict when and where floods could happen, but since these are only estimates, climate , weather, and land can change. Soil scientists study how much water the soil can absorb. The type of soil and the amount of groundwater tells the hydrologist how much more water the earth can absorb. They als o determine the amount of water a runoff can absorb. Runoff water comes from natural processes such as excess irrigation, industrial wastes and sewage. Hydrologists also evaluate snowfall and snowpack. Snowfalls are also said to be contributory to flooding, and when snow melts, the grounds may not be able to absorb too much water (National Geographic 2013). Today, our weather stations use modern technology such as Doppler radar. This system helps meteorologist predict floods, it also shows them how severe a storm would be. Doppler system allows scientists to detect weather pattern and to create computerized images of rainfall. There are also automated gauges placed in rivers that measure the height and speed of river currents, and the amount of rainfall received. Scientists also designed a geographic information system that helps them to warn people if the river will overrun its banks and floods are expected. 2. Discuss the 1913 flood which occurred in Dayton, Ohio with regards to: a. The nature of the event. The Great flood in Miami in 1913 has been described as the worst flood ever experienced in the region. A large amount of rainfall that fell continuously in three days, coupled by snow melting winter produced a run-off of streams in the Miami River and other rivers to overflow. These run-offs caused every city along the river to be inundated with floodwaters . b. Issues directly related to the impact of the event . According to the report of Miami Conservancy District, â€Å"more than 360 people lost their lives and property damage exceeded $100 million (that’s more than $2 billion in today’s economy).  The amount of water that passed through the river channel in Dayton equaled the amount of water that flows over Niagara Falls in a four-day period† (MCD, 2009)   . c. Lessons learned and actions taken as a result of the event. People were really unprepared for this tragedy so that the citizens of Miami, came together to make plans t o prevent

Impact Technology Has on Small Businesses Essay Example for Free

Impact Technology Has on Small Businesses Essay Technology has given the world a 360 degrees turn, as well as all businesses. Technology has a great impact on our society, culture, businesses and education. This essay will not only prove why it has an impact on small businesses but also prove how it makes technology so much better and efficient. | The Impact Technology has on Businesses The impact that technology can make on a small business is huge. Technology has made the world a more efficient and more organized place to succeed, and can help a small business be a big success and accomplishment. By making a website for your business, you can help the business expand by selling products through the website, by doing this you expand the business world wide and can increase profit. You can also organize your business in all aspect, simple tasks made in a business such as book keeping and record keeping can make so much simpler by using technology. Technology is not just computers but is phones also, which is an essential for any business to have. With technology small businesses can become world-wide businesses and exceed the main purpose and achievement of the owner. To begin with, technology has made businesses grow. By using computers to achieve simple task as book keeping can make the job easier and keep all papers organized. Computers can help perform many tasks that offices have to do, like book keeping. Microsoft excel can help you perform this task in one single page without confusions and with less work than by paper. This is because excel can perform calculations for you once you adapt it, it is as simple as that. You can perform book keeping, record keeping, and perform all kind of calculations fast, understandable and visible in a single page. Now a day, you can have your meetings with business partners who are around the world in front of your computer! You can use Phones which are also a part of technology, and without them you can’t make orders for your business, or talk to others business people who can help you make your business grow while making you grow as an owner and entrepreneur also. Productivity can also improve in so many ways by using technology. Technology is exciting and can make things happen in a blink of an eye, work can be so much easier for employees. For example, now supermarkets have advance machines in order to ring the customer’s supplies, if an error occurs the employee can easily delete it instead of ringing everything up again. Without the advance technology we have today, the employees would have to put all prices by hand meaning they have to memorize all prices and if an error occurs, they will have to ring everything up again in order for the total to be correct. Also by having meetings done at that instant online you can save all the time of flying across the world to meet with a business partner, so whatever was in concern can be fixed and finish what you have to do, meaning more progress and productivity. By producing a website for your business can you can help it grow and expand your business to many other countries and produce more profit. By making a website many more people can see what your business bring to the world and have to offer. While a website is world-wide, your customers are world-wide, meaning more goods and services the business provide will be obtained and sold. If you sell your merchandize through the web you can perform a test and see how many states and countries, would like to have one of your businesses around based on the location wants and needs and construct the business in that specific location. For that fact, that the owner can make the business grow in difference ways, he/she can grow as an entrepreneur also. Finally with technology, you can produce more profit. By using technology in several ways you can increase the income of the business. Obviously, if you can produce and sell more not only in your location of business but in the web and around the world in which you will expand your business to, you will sell and increase profit. The entrepreneur’s income will increase and his success will exceed what was thought to be achieved. Anyone can be an entrepreneur but only the ones who force themselves to do better, can achieve excellence. I think that to install various businesses is not what makes an entrepreneur is how you keep those business stabilize and running is what makes a great entrepreneur. Technology doesn’t have to be imported into the business, business can be technology. There are many businesses in which technology is the main purpose, some businesses produce and sell technology, all kinds and types of it. From computers to printers to phones, not only phones but smart phones and templates which can be made into computers, mp3 and iPod. These are gadgets that are nothing without technology; technology is what brings all these gadgets to live. Some businesses cannot produce without technology if you think of it. For example, supermarkets, when you go pay at the registers, most supermarkets are now complete made of technology, the weigh in order to know the prices of fruits and vegetables are connected to the computer which transfer the weight and gives you a price, the screen you look at to keep in check the prices, that’s connected to the same monitor and it all combines to the register. When you are ready to pay and it’s with your credit card, you pass it through a machine which is connected to all and the internet to get an approval. This all needs technology to function. Matthew Hohn said â€Å"Together with the advancement of science and technology, technological innovations grew along with it, resulting to the emergence of new equipment and gadgets. No matter how big or small your company is, technology brings both intangible and tangible benefits to become cost efficient and to meet the growing demands and needs of customers† in the article. I agree with him in every aspect, technology has advance the way to look into our world and experiences, and by connecting businesses with technology and the way it can change the whole business completely is incredible. It’s truly amazing how technology has changed our world in many different ways and completely. In conclusion, technology has gave business the chance to expand and grow in many ways, by increasing profit, increasing chances of making a being a better one and achieving all the success it thought it will. With technology small businesses can become a world-wide business which will exceed achievement. By becoming world-wide the business will exceed the main purpose and achievement of the owner. Technology can go a really long way especially when it’s combined with business and greatness.

Salvador Dali Essays -- essays research papers

Salvador Dali, the talented surrealist painter was born May 11, 1904 in Figueras, Spain. He was the second of three children in his family. His parents believed him to be the reincarnation of his older brother who had died just nine months before Salvador was born. Dali said later in life that he often felt like he and his dead brother were one when he painted. His parents were very indulgent through out his childhood, Dali often dressed up and pretended to be an emperor and rule his family. Even when his younger sister Anna Maria was born, Dali maintained his position as the â€Å"dictator† of the family.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Though Dali was an unruly student, many people recognized his brilliance and artistic talent at a very young age. He began seriously painting at age ten, though his more notable works did not appear until he was thirteen. Most of these early paintings were landscapes of the areas surrounding his hometown, Figueras and nearby Cadaquese. Later, he began to use the Roman ruins in Ampurius which he developed a strong love for and are a recurrent theme in many of his later pieces.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A year after Dali’s mother died in 1921, Dali was accepted to the Acadamia de San Fernando in Madrid. This was and art school that specialized in painting, sculpture, and engraving. Dali had mastered Impressionism several years earlier and was now experimenting with cubism. This impressed his classmates, most of who were just beginning to grasp Im... Salvador Dali Essays -- essays research papers Salvador Dali, the talented surrealist painter was born May 11, 1904 in Figueras, Spain. He was the second of three children in his family. His parents believed him to be the reincarnation of his older brother who had died just nine months before Salvador was born. Dali said later in life that he often felt like he and his dead brother were one when he painted. His parents were very indulgent through out his childhood, Dali often dressed up and pretended to be an emperor and rule his family. Even when his younger sister Anna Maria was born, Dali maintained his position as the â€Å"dictator† of the family.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Though Dali was an unruly student, many people recognized his brilliance and artistic talent at a very young age. He began seriously painting at age ten, though his more notable works did not appear until he was thirteen. Most of these early paintings were landscapes of the areas surrounding his hometown, Figueras and nearby Cadaquese. Later, he began to use the Roman ruins in Ampurius which he developed a strong love for and are a recurrent theme in many of his later pieces.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A year after Dali’s mother died in 1921, Dali was accepted to the Acadamia de San Fernando in Madrid. This was and art school that specialized in painting, sculpture, and engraving. Dali had mastered Impressionism several years earlier and was now experimenting with cubism. This impressed his classmates, most of who were just beginning to grasp Im...

Law Codes

Chad Goering Essay #1 â€Å"Hittite Law Code† and the â€Å"Code of the Assyrians† In this paper, I’ll compare both law codes of the Hittites and Assyrians by comparing the two aspects dealing with sexual conduct and relations. Also, I’ll examine their differences and similarities and consider why regulating sexuality was so important to both the Hittites and Assyrians. When examining the Hittite and Assyrian law codes, I thought there was a big difference. The first thing I noticed was that the Hittite laws were stricter and focused more on men, where the Assyrians laws were more punishable to women.A majority of the laws written by the Hittites only involved punishment towards men. Yes Assyrians also had punishments but not as largely targeted towards men as the Hittites. For example there is a Hittite law saying â€Å"If a man have intercourse with a cow, it is a capital crime, he shall die. They shall lead him to the king's hall. But the king may kill him; the king may grant him his life. But he shall not approach the king. † As said in the â€Å"Hittite Law Code: excerpts from The Code of the Nesilim. There is nothing in the Assyrian code mentioning anything about a man committing bestiality. The Assyrians are opposite compared to the Hittites; their laws are mainly targeted at women rather than men. According to â€Å"Excerpts from the Code of the Assyrians,† there is a law stating, â€Å"If a man have relations with the wife of a man at her wish, there is no penalty for that man. The man shall lay upon the woman, his wife, the penalty he wishes. † From my understanding, they do not focus on what the man did but rather just what the woman has done.The women alone will take punishment for the act. Examining the two laws makes me believe the difference between the two groups is the harshness towards men or women. However, the Hittites and Assyrians do have similarities. There are two laws that are closely co mparable regarding a man raping a woman. The Hittite law states, â€Å"If a man rape a woman in the mountain, it is the man's wrong, he shall die. But if he rape her in the house, it is the woman's fault, the woman shall die. If the husband find them and then kill them, there is no punishing the husband. (Hittite Law Code: excerpts from The Code of the Nesilim).The Assyrians law stated by â€Å"Excerpts from the Code of the Assyrians† based on rape states, â€Å"If the wife of a man be walking on the highway, and a man seize her, say to her â€Å"I will surely have intercourse with you,† if she be not willing and defend herself, and he seize her by force and rape her, whether they catch him upon the wife of a man, or whether at the word of the woman whom he has raped, the elders shall prosecute him, they shall put him to death. There is no punishment for the woman. In my opinion, the punishment for this crime is almost exactly the same for both the Hittites and Assyr ians.Therefore, there are some similarities between the Hittites and the Assyrians law codes. One aspect on punishment I find interesting is how harsh the Hittites and Assyrians punishments were compared to how they are today in the United States. The reason why I think the Hittites and Assyrians were so harsh was because they didn’t have a problem with killing somebody. To them, both groups felt if you committed the crime, you will receive the punishment deserved.I’m not saying that America doesn’t have a good system, but I don’t think the punishments given are nearly as harsh as what they should be. When it comes to relationships, Hittites and Assyrians treat it the same. They both have a male dominated culture. Men can do whatever they want while women have to be loyal to their husband. From reading the laws about sexual conduct, I understand that if you’re a man, you can have sex whenever and wherever if the partner is willing. As stated before , if the man rapes a woman there will be punishment.However, if you’re a woman, you cannot cheat on your husband. Therefore, makes this sexual conduct law one sided towards men. Overall, when comparing the laws between the Hittites and Assyrians, I believe that they are pretty similar. Both of the codes are saying to not cheat on your husband. I find it interesting though that they both focus on the women cheating and not the male. Neither code has a law saying anything about a man cheating on his wife. Yes, they have punishment for men who rape women but nothing more than that. They expect women to be more proper and focus on doing the right thing.Even in today’s society they expect women to be perfect and loyal and not be sluts. Nowadays, men are expected to be the same as women. Allowing men and women to have the same expectations is a good thing because both are treated more closely equal. In today’s society, men and women are still somewhat treated differen t in certain situations, however, both men and women are now treated equally when it comes to punishment which is a good thing. The only problem I have with the punishment in today’s society is it’s not nearly as harsh as it once was.Punishment in general is the most comparable thing between the Hittites and Assyrians law codes. The punishments are very harsh and nothing is tolerated. The only main difference between the two group’s law codes is who the punishment is targeted towards. Now in this paper I have compared both the Hittites Law Code and the Code of the Assyrians. I have examined their differences and similarities and also reasoned why regulating sexual conduct was so important to them both. By doing this, it makes you think of how easy we have it in today’s world and makes you wonder what it would be like to live back then.

Linux Security Final Review

Allows the connection of hub to hub or switch without having to use a special cable 2. Which data speed and maximum cable length is not used for Category e/6 cabling? Anything other than mezzo/mobcaps (Caste) and up to mezzo, class E/mobcaps, Gossips but at a distance less than 100 meters (Cat) both up to 100 meters. (Page 59. ) 3. What do the links lights on a hub or switch represent? That the transmit and receive pairs are properly aligned and the connected devices are communicating . 4. What does the link light on a NICE present?Connectivity to the network. 5. What is an echo request relative to computer networking? It Is part of the IGMP protocol that requests a reply from a computer. (Page 40) 6. What Is the command used on a PC to display the MAC address? Upcoming/all 7. What is the command used on a Linux machine to display the IP address? Facing 8. What is the maximum length of a horizontal cable run that still allows for the length of the patch cables and extra cabling on ea ch end? 90 meters 9. A data problem is reported to the network administrator. The problem Is found to be tit the HTTP network connection.What would the network administrator do to isolate the problem. Test the link, perform a traceries command, depends on what type of problem is occurring with the cabling. 10. Describes interconnection of Lana within a limited geographic area. MAN (Metropolitan Area Network) (page 5) 1 1 . Which describes an Ethernet system operating at 100 Mbps? Fast Ethernet or Bassett (page 32) 12. What is another term for network congestion? Bottleneck (page 59) 13. A network address of 192. 168. 6. 0 and a subnet mask of 255. 255. 254. 0 can be Ritter In CIDER as? 92. 168. 168. 0/3 (page 180) 14. The three packets exchanged at the beginning of a TCP connection between two ports are: SYNC, SYNC*JACK, & JACK (page 1 59) 15. IP addresses are assigned by which of the following? ARIN (American Registry for Internet Numbers (page 173) 16. The connection to a router's console port input is typically which of the following? RSI-232 serial communications port using an RAJA-45 lack to connect to Its Interface (page 201 ) 17. What is the help command In the CISCO ISO? â€Å"? † is the universal help command (page 207) 18.AAU stands for: Attachment unit Interface (page 141) 19. The router interface most commonly used to Interconnect Lana to a campus network Is: Fast Ethernet (Chapter 9) 20. Serial Interfaces on a router are typically used to: used to interface to other serial devices (page 214) 21 . Clocking on the serial port of a router is set at the DATE end: False, it is DCE (page 215) 22. The purpose of a gateway is to allow data to enter and exit a LANA. True (page 145) 23. The command for saving the router's running-configuration to non-volatile memory Is: copy run start page 235) 24.The administrative distance of a static route is: 1 (page 246) 25. EIGRP is classified as which of the following: link-state protocol (page 257) 26. What a rea ID should be used for the Network backbone? Area O (page 251) 27. What does OSPF use to verify that two router links are communicating? â€Å"Hello Packets† (page 251 ) 28. Which file allocation table system Is best for very large multi gigabit drives today? NETS (New Technology File System (page 1 1 5) 29. Which of the following bus types 1 OFF roving similar services including server functions identifies which type of network?Peer-to-peer (page 510) 31 . Dynamically assigns IP addresses to machines as needed: DDCD Server (page 513) 32. A red â€Å"x† on a users account in Windows 2003/2000 indicates which of the following The user is locked out for having too many login attempt failures (page 553) 33. This server is used to service information requests from clients. Proxy Server (page 513) 34. Computer Viruses and Worms cause all of the following except: Virus causes annoyance, clogging up the mail server, denial of revive, data loss, open holes for others to acc ess your machine.Worms attack computers and can deny service to networks, they establish a â€Å"back door† in the infected computer enabling an attacker to access someone's computer (page 393) 35. â€Å"War Driving† is a term used to describe: someone driving with an antenna out the door of a vehicle, connected to a mobile device running Windows or Linux (page 394) 36. A true Firewall â€Å"Access Control List† is used to: Access list can be configured on a router, on a true dedicated firewall, or on the host computer (page 396) 37. AnIntrusion Detection system is designed to look for: (Select 2) looks for signatures and probing (page 404) 38. Telephony identifies which of the following technologies? Poi (Voice over ‘P) (page 488) 39. Which of the following have the greatest wireless data rate? 802. 1 In provides rates over 200+ Mbps (page 420) 40. What are the two North American and International optical standards? (Select two) SONNET (Synchronous Optica l network and SAD (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy) (page 468) 41 . What is the meaning of the â€Å"2-Deep† rule?That the distribution in a building should only have he main distribution and the intermediate distribution that feeds the horizontal distribution to the work area (page 472) 42. True or False: Voice Over IP and Telephony are synonymous with each other. True (page 488) 43. Which Poi protocol provides for end-to-end secure communications by requiring user authentication: SIP (Secure Session Initiation Protocol) (page 489) 44. The following are all So concerns for Poi except: These are concerns: Jitter, Network latency and packet loss, & Queuing (page 495) 45.Using Linux, the command that lists the basic files in a rectory is: Is (page 565) 46. Using Linux, the command that deletes a files is: arm (page 571) 47. To display the previously entered commands stored in the Linux history buffer you would use: history (page 583) 48. Using Linux, the command that is similar t o the find or search command in Windows is: Greg (page 585) 49. The three major differences between industrial and commercial networks are: Hierarchy, Redundancy, & Determinism (page 619) 50. The Ethernet protocol developed for large industrial use is: Ethernet/IP or UDP or TCP (page 629)

Free Essays on Araby James Joyce

and deep meaning the narrator chooses to describe his intense emotions. Also the reader begins to uncover the deep meaning that lye’s beneath the surface meaning. We then begin to understand that the narrator’s point of view is too complex and difficult for an adolescent boy to comprehend at that stage in his life. This gives rise to the idea that an older man, one who has grown up and became enlightened and knowledgeable possible Joyce himself who is looking back at himself as an adolescent boy. The narrator confesses his vanity and blinded emotions that were driven by materialistic possessions, which he thought held the key to the girl’s heart. The way in which Joyce writes this story he includes an immense amount of detail and imagery that quickly captures the attention of the reader and is so real the reader feels as if they were actually a part of the story. This imagery, det... Free Essays on Araby James Joyce Free Essays on Araby James Joyce In James Joyce’s short story Araby he is successful in creating an intense narrative. He does this in such a way that he enables the reader to feel what is it actually like to live in Dublin at the turn of the century when the Catholic Church had an enormous amount of authority over Dubliner’s. The reader is able to feel the narrators exhausting struggle to escape this influence of the Catholic Church by replacing it with a materialistic driven love for a girl. James writes Araby from a first person narrative and in doing so he may have taken the opportunity to make a long awaited confession that is so deeply embedded in his mind he is able to remember it as it had happened only but a day prior. Joyce creates a dull, drab, uninspiring image of Dubliner’s through the use of the nameless narrator. Even though we are under the impression that the young boy is the narrator the reader begins to develop an understanding that the narrator is someone much older and s ophisticated. The reader comes to this realization because of the choice of words and deep meaning the narrator chooses to describe his intense emotions. Also the reader begins to uncover the deep meaning that lye’s beneath the surface meaning. We then begin to understand that the narrator’s point of view is too complex and difficult for an adolescent boy to comprehend at that stage in his life. This gives rise to the idea that an older man, one who has grown up and became enlightened and knowledgeable possible Joyce himself who is looking back at himself as an adolescent boy. The narrator confesses his vanity and blinded emotions that were driven by materialistic possessions, which he thought held the key to the girl’s heart. The way in which Joyce writes this story he includes an immense amount of detail and imagery that quickly captures the attention of the reader and is so real the reader feels as if they were actually a part of the story. This imagery, det...

Ap american DBq essays

Ap american DBq essays The American Revolution is one of the most significant events in American history. This revolution formed a new view on government and revolutionized its organization which was the first of its kind. Various factors have helped pushed this revolution into full throttle; the unfair treatment of the colonies by England and its parliament, which affected the colonies negatively socially, politically, as well as economically. However, it is certain that this revolution would not have been successful if the colonies had not developed a sense of their identity and united as Americans by the Before the American Revolution unity among the colonies was unheard of. As the political cartoon by Benjamin Franklin in the Pennsylvania Gazette suggested, if the colonies wished to remain alive and independent they must work together as a whole. The colonies themselves, however, would not unite until George Grenville, the royal treasurer, decided to create several acts, aimed at removing the economic pressure from The Proclamation of 1763, one of the first of many unpopular acts, prohitbited settlers to settle beyond the Appalachian mountains. Next came the Stamp Act of 1764, although this cut down the tax on molasses, it also meant that the tax was actually going to be collected. In the same year the Navigation Act, which prohibited the colonists from directly exporting goods except to Britain and Currency Act, which prohibited the use of paper money, were passed creating more conflict and hatred towards England. These actions towards the colonies might have been negative, however it had actually strengten the bonds developing between the colonies. After, the infamous Boston Tea Party in 1773, where a group known as the Sons of Liberty, lead by Samuel Adams, dumped three ...

Pharmacology Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Pharmacology - Case Study Example These include: fatigue, insomnia, increased appetite, anxiety and worry, melancholy and poor concentration among others. A medical work-up has to be conducted to check for organic causes that are underlying. This should encompass a complete performance of physical examination. The laboratory test for an individual presenting with depression symptoms should be designed in a way that rules out medical conditions which can cause depression. A hematological profile with differential must be obtained to check for signs of anaemia or infection. Potential abnormalities such as liver function and electrolyte panel tests are indicated for evaluation of potential metabolic abnormalities for instance, thyroid, kidney disorders and renal dysfunction (Richard, 2012). Depression may also be a result of substance abuse, and thus a drug screen may be indicated for commonly abused substances. Many of the prescription medications such as anticonvulsants, corticosteroids and some antibiotics have been depression-associated. According to the symptoms that GF has presented, she could be suffering from dysthymic disorder. GF has symptoms such as fatigue, overeating, low self-esteem, hopelessness and poor concentration. There are generalized anxiety disorder associated with anxiety, worry, fatigue, restlessness, difficulty concentrating, muscle tension, sleep disturbance and irritability (Erick, 2014). Treatment for worry or anxiety involves both pharmaceutical and psychotherapy treatments. The most efficacious kind of therapy for treatment of depression is cognitive-behavioral therapy. This therapy is short-term and incorporates self-empowerment and self-help philosophy. This therapy form encompasses techniques such as substitution of negative for positive thoughts and blocking negative thoughts from developing while taking credit for optimism and encouraging more

Islam in Central Asia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Islam in Central Asia - Essay Example Islam in Central Asia Mansur al-Hallaj was different from other Suffis who followed traditional perceptions that further had its impressions in the literature. For instance, Suffis in the era believed that sharing mysticism with the masses was inappropriate. However, Al-Hallaj followed a rebellious path that further had its impression on the Qrighiz legend of origin. Illustration of such a fact can be obtained from his writing in Kitab-Al-Tawasin, emphasizing dialogues of Satan and God (Lenz-Raymann, 2014). Contextually, the method used by Al-Hallaj in his writing was known as the ‘universal mystical introspection’, which later gave birth to a new dimension of Sufi culture in Qrighiz. He was also rebellious for his belief that practices in contradiction to the traditional religious principles indicate the individual’s thirst for greater truth rather than his challenging or opposing attitude to the beliefs. In his writings, rather than expanding on the traditional religious beliefs, Al-Hallaj emphasized humanity. Mansur al-Hallaj believed in the unity of man with the Divine. He travelled to various places to preach his writings, which majorly included Tostar, Baghdad, Mecca and Turkestan among others that further gave rise to the Qrighiz legend of origin. As argued by Shepard (2009), the writings of Mansur-al-Hallaj were important for Sufi culture, as it defined a new dimension of Islam. His life was measured widely by the French Scholars of Islam.

PSY 101 Introduction to Psychology Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

PSY 101 Introduction to Psychology - Assignment Example The humanistic theories are also discussed in the chapter (Ellen et al.: slides 16-18), and these theories are presented as more humanistic than Freud’s theories. In this case, Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is outlined. The chapter analysis that under these theories, although parents set up conditions for their children, there is a person centered therapy where people are taught to live by their own values. Moreover, the chapter discusses trait theories (Ellen et al.: slides 19-23) and the way they explain personality and differences among people with regard to personal characteristics that consider situations. It explores some ideas proposed by early trait theorists. The chapter concludes the topic by listing five factors that were considered by trait theorists as most significant in personality. The chapter also discusses cognitive theories (Ellen et al.: slides 24-27) where the situation trait debate is analyzed. The components of Bandura’s reciprocal determinism model are discussed, in addition to the locus of control and what it contributes to personality. Lastly (slides 28-38), the nature, nurture and personality are discussed and the way personality differs across culture. The chapter concludes by discussing personality assessment methods, the rating scales and tests. In this light, chapter eleven highlights the projection of the result’s insight to personality. Chapter twelve discusses psychological disorders including anxiety disorders, mood disorders, schizophrenia, and other psychological disorders. The chapter starts by defining psychological disorder (Ellen et al.: slide 2-8) as mental processes or behavioral pattern that leads to emotional distress and finally impairs the mental functioning of an individual. The criteria to be used to determine abnormal behavior are discussed with the inclusion of DSM-IV-TR, which is used by clinicians. The ways of preventing psychological disorders and the theoretical approaches used to explain

The Net Domestic Products (NDP) Equals The Gross Dmestic Product (GDP) Essay Example for Free

The Net Domestic Products (NDP) Equals The Gross Dmestic Product (GDP) Essay The net domestic product (NDP) equals the gross domestic product (GDP) minus depreciation on a countrys capital goods. Net domestic product accounts for capital that has been consumed over the year in the form of housing, vehicle, or machinery deterioration. The depreciation accounted for is often referred to as capital consumption allowance and represents the amount of capital that would be needed to replace those depreciated assets. If the country is not able to replace the capital stock lost through depreciation, then GDP will fall. In addition, a growing gap between GDP and NDP indicates increasing obsolescence of capital goods, while a narrowing gap means that the condition of capital stock in the country is improving. Gross domestic product (GDP) is the market value of all officially recognized final goods and services produced within a country in a given period of time. GDP per capita is often considered an indicator of a countrys standard of living;[2][3] GDP per capita is not a measure of personal income (See Standard of living and GDP). Under economic theory, GDP per capita exactly equals the gross domestic income (GDI) per capita (See Gross domestic income). GDP is related to national accounts, a subject in macroeconomics. GDP is not to be confused with gross national product (GNP) which allocates production based on ownership. The University Grants Commission (UGC) of India is a statutory organisation set up by Union government in 1956, for the coordination, determination and maintenance of standards of university education. It provides recognition for universities in India, and provides funds for government-recognised universities and colleges. Prof. Ved Prakash, a noted academician and education administrator, is the Chairman of UGC, India. Its headquarters are in New Delhi, and six regional centres in Pune, Bhopal, Kolkata, Hyderabad, Guwahati and Bangalore.

Distance Learning and Black Board Essay -- essays papers

Distance Learning and Black Board Distance learning is when students take courses by using some form of communication other than face to face communication with an instructor. This type of learning has been used since as far back as the 1800’s when adults would learn handwriting by ordering lessons through the mail (Cosgrove 2002). The technology for distance learning has been progressing for some time now. Iowa State University started to offer courses through television in 1934 (Cosgrove 2002). These days we use the Internet for distance learning. Distance learning has recently become more popular and more advanced; there are now programs that can help professors organize their online classes. Online classes are a convenient and simple way to communicate to a class and even run an entire classroom without even stepping out of your office. In a study it was found that â€Å"nearly 50% of higher education institutions currently engage in sometype of online learning† (Educational p.1). A popular program that many schools and professors use is Blackboard. Matthew Pittinsky and Michael Chasen along with a student-faculty group from Cornell University developed Blackboard in 1997 (Our History p. 2). They wanted to â€Å"transform the Internet into a powerful environment for the educational experience† (Our History p.1). Blackboard now has over 500 clients who use their products (â€Å"Blackboard Timeline† p.5). If Blackboard has over 500 clients now, think about how well they will do when the technology develops more. Online classes are something that will continue to progress into the future. The Blackboard program is currently available for schools with grades K-12, Higher education, Corporate and Government businesses (Demonstrations and... ...tance Learning.† Retrieved December 1,2004. http://www.instudy.com/articles/saww6a03.htm Gottschalk, Tania H. March 5,2004. â€Å"Guide #1:Distance Education: An Overview†. Retrieved September 26,2004. http://uidaho.edu/eo/dist1.html. Shamber, Linda (1988). â€Å"Delivery Systems for Distance Education.† Eric Digest. Retrieved September 26, 2004, from Eric Digests (ED304111). Towson University. Retrieved October 3, 2004. http://wwwnew.towson.edu/facultyonline/TutorialsAndResources/. Towson Univeristy. Retrieved October 3, 2004. http://www.towson.edu/learnonline/faq.html. Towson University. Retrieved October 3,2004. http://wwwnew.towson.edu/facultyonline/tutorialsandresourses/helpsheets/ removingareasofbb/index. â€Å"Online Degrees, Online Degree Programs, and Online Universities.† Retrieved December 1,2004. http://www.online-degree-information.com/.

Marketing Plan Alaska

TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Executive Summary2 II. Situational Analysis- Macroenvironment Analysis5 a. Technological Environment6 b. Economic Environment7 c. Socio- Cultural Environment8 d. Natural Environment9 e. Political-Legal Environment10 III. Situational Analysis- Market Analysis f. Market Definition11 g. Market Size12 h. Industry Structure14 i. Porter’s Five Forces Analysis15 j. Competition19 k. Market Trends21 IV. Situational Analysis – Consumer Analysis22 V. Situational Analysis – Internal Analysis26 VI. SWOT Analysis35 VII. Marketing Research37 VIII. Marketing Strategies40 IX. Implementation43 X. Financial Summary64 XI. Scenario/Contingencies65 XII. Appendix66 I. Executive Summary Alaska Milk Corporation (AMC) is one of the leading companies in milk production from the dairy industry. We have been manufacturing dairy products in the Philippines since 1972 starting with liquid canned milk products and eventually expanded to manufacture powdered filled milk and Ultra High Temperature (UHT) milk products. For over thirty years, AMC has emerged to be as one of the two major players in the Philippine milk industry and is consistently maintaining its brand leadership in the liquid anned milk category and holds a strong growing position in powdered milk. AMC also expanded into higher value-added milk products, particularly in UHT/Ready-to-Drink milk category. Since 1972, we have been caring for every Filipino family by providing them their good nutrition and health through quality milk products. Also in every other way such as: programs that promote sports development, campaigns that foster good values among children and product innovations aimed at enhancing the Filipino's health and welfare. And we shall continue caring for every Filipino family from every part of the country, may it be Luzon, Visayas or Mindanao. The market for milk and dairy products in the Philippines comprises two very different segments: market for milk and dairy products that are processed in the Philippines from imported dairy ingredients that comprises 99% of the total market and the other 1% which is the market for products that are produced from locally produced raw milk by the Philippines dairy farming industry. Dairy products are commonly seen in every store, from wholesale to retail stores, and the demand for it never diminishes. Every individual will always have to put in mind the need for their health and nutrition. Milk products are one of the basic necessities we should provide our bodies and that is programmed especially on the minds of every Filipino family in the country. Alaska provides the best kinds of milk from liquid to powdered that can ever be provided to every consumer market. AMC’s target markets are consumers ranging from 4-12 years old. Majority of the customers are female and only few are men. Mainly because most of the buyers are housewives or single parents and the children they have are the consumers of the milk produced by AMC. AMC continues building the strengths and competitive attributes of its brand and develop its full marketing potential in the dairy industry. Serve every consumer to their level of satisfaction and will respond to the call to deliver higher quality nutrition to every Filipino home. To increase product awareness, specifically on its powdered milk product and the rise of our market share by 2 percent annually in three years. AMC has experienced and well-trained employees that helps in driving AMC forward with continuous superiority on product quality and strong supplier relationships. But then as costs increases, product prices also tend to increase and results to higher prices over competitors and include the products’ seasonal demand and the limitation of its supply base. AMC’s edge over other brands is our strong and popular reputation in the market that reveals that we have a lead in every consumer mind. Rapid technological advancements have led to innovation and faster production with still better and high quality of goods and wider product distribution nationwide. As AMC rises, many threats will stand in the way such as; competitors tend to escalate and siege AMC’s growth in the market that leads to the buying behavior of consumers to change by substituting Alaska Milk Products to these cheaper brands, price wars between competitors, price cuts and so on could damage profits for AMC brought about by the economic crisis in the country. Alaska’s powdered milk is creamier and tastier than any other brand in the market. Its availability and affordability may be like other brands but its focus will stay on the powdered milk’s creaminess which makes it deliciously tasty that is enjoyed by many consumers. Also, a unique source of Alaska powdered milk’s production is that it uses the finest vegetable oil from coconuts to make it as creamy and tasty as full cream milk. II. Situational Analysis – Macro-environment The macro-environment analysis are the factors that greatly affects the dairy industry. These are considered the external analysis. It is sub-divided into five aspects: technological environment, natural environment, political-legal environment, economic environment and socio-cultural environment. The technological environment deals with how the advent of technology affects the production of dairy products and the way the consumers receive the final products. With the modernity of facilities and equipment, the production of milk becomes better and faster. The natural environment deals with the natural issues that affects the dairy industry. Certain issues can either help or deter the buying decision of consumers. The political-legal environment deals with certain laws and regulations passed by the government that must be followed. It affects the dairy industry in a way that all companies must abide to this laws in order to operate. The economic environment is about the current economic changes that affects the society, the industry and the consumers. It greatly affects the consumer spending. The last aspect is the socio-cultural environment which is about the beliefs, norms, values and culture practiced by the consumers. It indicates person’s behavior and social graces that leads to the buying preference of consumers. a. TECHNOLOGICAL: i. With the demand of people for faster and better products and services, technology was created. It has provided the industry for the tools needed to enhance the techniques and strategies to make dairy products better. Through technology, the way people search for information about the products, the way on how to purchase, and the way on receiving goods are greatly influenced. Factors| Effects on the Industry| Online Retailing| Vast market can be reached by selling goods to people over the net. This will provide better accessibility for the users of the product. | Electronic Data Interchange| It will link the company to its suppliers through communication advancements. Making products available to different establishment. | Customer Relationship Management (CRM)| A marketing tool that binds the power of computers and databases to provide the ability to collect data about consumer buying behavior on individual basis. It will help the industry to familiarize the demands of the consumers and analyze their buying behavior and produce products that will meet the needs and wants of the consumers. | b. ECONOMIC: ii. The economic environment scan determines the economic changes that will have an impact to the society, dairy industry and AMC like unemployment rate, exchange rate and inflation rate. In the dairy industry, these factors affect the level of income of people. Thus, affecting the buying behavior and preferences of consumers. Factors| Effects on the Industry| Decreasein unemployment rate| The decrease in unemployment rate gives probability to an increase in family income resulting to increase in purchasing power. This will lead to profitable commerce and increase in sales of the industry. | Changes in exchange rates| The appreciation of Philippine Peso against US Dollar will lead to a less operating expense in the dairy industry. Inflation Rate| Due to increase of expenditures in the industry, cost of sales will swell making the consumers carry the burden of expenses. | c. SOCIO-CULTURAL: iii. Socio-cultural trend analysis is one of the important factors in making and developing strategic analysis. The socio-cultural environment shapes our beliefs, values and norms. In relation to the dairy industry, this socio-cultural environment analysis indicates person’s behavior and social graces that may lead to change in preference and variation in consumer’s buying behavior. Also, certain beliefs and values can serve as advantage or disadvantage for the part of AMC. Factors| Effects on the Industry| Campaign for Milk Benefits and Usage| Consumers will have better awareness over the industry’s product which will attract more potential customers. | Projected increase in the population| With a population of 101,833,938 (July 2011 est. ) will lead to increase in the need of product. As population gets bigger, a result of higher sales and earnings is expected. | Breast feeding vs. Formula milk| Nutrients found in the mother’s breast milk can be compared to this formula milk. But with the fast pacing everyday routine, formula feed milk can be prepared anytime. Thus it will lead to more consumers and sales. d. NATURAL/ECOLOGICAL: iv. The natural environment scan is about the issues that affects the dairy industry. In particular with the environmental issues like melamine outbreak and green marketing. As well as the nutritional facts of the products produced in the dairy industry. Certain issues can either help or deter the buying decision of consumers. Factors| Effects on the Industry| Global problems and green industry| Natural calamities and disasters can delay the production of dairy products. Thus, it may lead to decrease in the total sales of the industry. Green marketing will enable the industry to reduce its waste material. Thus, making a cleaner planet. | Cholesterol content of dairy products| Health and body conscious people will not consider consuming much of dairy products as source of energy. | Melamine Outbreak and contamination of dairy products. | Contamination like the melamine outbreak threatens the industry growth and decreased sales of products that use milk as an ingredient. As a result, it slackens the growth of dairy industry. | e. POLITICAL-LEGAL: v. The political-legal environment is about how the dairy industry will adapt to changes in relation to proposed legislations, programs and other government related issues. It is important to know the factors affecting the political and legal environment so that AMC will be able to abide to certain legislations and programs. Factors| Effects on the industry| Republic Act No. 7581: The Price Act| Automatic freezing of basic necessities’ prices in areas where a state of calamity is declared. | Republic Act no. 7884: National Dairy Development Act of 1995| Improve livelihood opportunities and thereby increase income level through the dairy industry. In effect, there will be an increase in the milk produced locally and an increase in quality of living. Republic Act 7394: Consumers Act| Establishes standard and quality measures for milk and adopt measures for their pure and safe supply. | III. Situational Analysis – Market Analysis * Market Definition Dairy industry involves processing raw milk into products such as consumer milk, butter, cheese, yogurt, condensed milk, milk powder, and ice cream, using processes such as chilling, pasteurizatio n, and homogenization. The dairy industry is divided into 5 different product categories; yogurt, butter, milk. Cheese and ice cream. The milk category is subdivided into 6 types, cream, powdered milk, evaporated milk, condensed milk, dried powder milk and cultured buttermilk. INDUSTRY STRUCTURE Figure 1: Industry Structure Source: www. nda. da. gov. ph/ * Market Size The Philippines, with a population of 95,687,643 (July 2011 est. ), growing annually at 1. 903% (2011 est. ), is a large market for milk and milk products. Dairy products are the country’s second largest agricultural import after wheat. The country’s dairy industry, which sources 99% of its inputs from abroad, is estimated to generate sales of up to P 43. 45B annually. Philippines is a huge market for milk and milk products with a small dairy farming community that has been growing vigorously for the past two years. The dairy market generates sales amounting to P44B annually. Although Filipinos are generally considered non milk drinkers with consumption at 19 kilograms per year, the Philippine dairy market, including the market for imported milk, generates over P44billion in revenues annually. 44% of the demand for milk is concentrated in Metro Manila. Luzon 46,228,000 (2011 est. ) Luzon 46,228,000 (2011 est. ) Visayas 27,877,103 (2011 est. ) Visayas 27,877,103 (2011 est. ) Mindanao 21,582,540 (2011 est. ) Mindanao 21,582,540 (2011 est. ) * Industry Structure The market for milk and dairy products in the Philippines comprises two very different segments: * The market for milk and dairy products that are processed in the Philippines from imported dairy ingredients or imported in retail packed form. This comprises well over 99% of total consumption; and, * The market for products that are produced from locally produced raw milk by the Philippines dairy farming industry. This comprises 1% of total raw milk. Suppliers of imported milk (2011)| Percentage| Australia | 61%| USA | 23%| Others| 16%| TOTAL | 100%| Table 1: Major Suppliers of imported milk(2011) Source: www. nda. da. gov. ph/ The Philippines’ dairy industry consists of two distinct sectors. One is the milk powder based sector that imports, re-processes and repacks milk and milk products. The other is the liquid milk sector that has its imported UHT milk component and the locally –produced fresh milk component. SECTOR| IMPORTER- REPROCESSOR| LOCAL MILK PRODUCER-PROCESSORS| TOTAL| Liquid milk market| 70| 30| 100| Powdered and other milk market| 100| 0| 100| Table 2: Sectors in dairy industry. Source: www. nda. da. ov. ph/ Figure 2: Total Raw Milk Segmentation Source: www. nda. da. gov. ph/ * Porter’s Five Forces Analysis Figure 3: Porter’s Five Forces Analysis Threat of New Entrants (Barriers to Entry) The easier it is for new companies to enter the industry, the more cutthroat competition there will be. Factors that can limit the threat of new entrants are known a s  barriers to entry. * Existing loyalty to major brands Consumers buy specific Alaska products that they usually buy. Other local or new entrant companies will be having a hard time competing with Alaska brands since their consumers are loyal to them. Scarcity  of resources Philippines imports 99% of its raw milk and only 1% are produced locally. New entrant companies will need a huge budget for importing raw milk. * Government restrictions or legislation Certain requirements provided by the government should be met by the new entrant companies in order to start their business. These restrictions and legislations help AMC to minimize competitors and to remove illegal distributors. Power of Suppliers This is how much pressure suppliers can place on a business. If one supplier has a large enough impact to affect a company's margins and volumes, then  it olds substantial power. Here are a few reasons that suppliers might have power: * Number of Suppliers Large number of supplier s will then result to a high inventory level for raw milk used for the production of dairy products. * Capacity of Supplier Suppliers must be able to sustain the quantity of raw milk needed by the company’s dairy production. * Cost of Changing The total money, time and resources associated with the change of supplier. Buyer Power Buyers are the people or organizations who create demand in an industry. The bargaining power of buyers is greater when: * Number of Customers Large number of buyers will then result to large amount of sales in the consumption of dairy products. * Size of each order The capacity of a customer to buy a certain product on a single purchase in order to fulfill their satisfaction. * Price sensitivity Gradual price changes should be observed to not greatly affect the consumption of the goods in the market. Threat of Substitution The presence of substitute products can lower industry attractiveness and profitability because they limit price levels. The threat of substitute products depends on: * Substitute Performance Other brands that offer the same quality of dairy products but have lower prices will threaten the competency of the company’s products throughout the market. * Cost of change Improving the product quality and decreasing the price at the same time to reach the same demand as the competing brand. Intensity of Rivalry The intensity of rivalry between competitors in an industry will depend on: * Number of competitors Large number of competitors can threaten your position in the market. * Quality differences Aside from quantity, companies must maintain the quality of their products. In dairy industry, it is important to monitor the quality of the products because it will be your advantage over your competitors. * Customer loyalty There will be a little possibility that loyal customers will be persuaded by the competitors to switch over their products. Also, loyal customers can be company’s asset since they can use the word-of-mouth. * Competition Nestle remains the undisputed leader in drinking milk products in 2011 with a market share of 72%, 64% for Bear Brand and 8% for Nido. The company’s very strong position is attributed to its long standing presence in the Philippines which enabled it to achieve strong brand equity for its brands. Alaska ranks second with 20% market share. One percent lower than the previous market share. Competitor| Company| Placement| Promotions| Product sizes and Price| Bear Brand| Nestle’ Philippines| Available in all leading supermarkets nationwide. | Free items, TV, Print and Radio advertising, Events and Sponsorships| 33g – P9. 5080g – P25150g – P46. 75300g – P89. 25680g – P192. 251. 1kg – P331. 252. 2kg – P634. 0| Nido Fortified| Nestle’ Philippines| Available in all leading supermarkets nationwide. | Free items, TV, Print and Radio advertising, Events and Sponsorships| 160g – P68. 70370g – P157700g – P274. 50900g – P3361. 2kg – P467. 251. 8kg – P680. 402. 5kg – P929| Anchor Full Cream Milk| Fonterra Brands Ph ilippines Inc. | Available in all leading supermarkets nationwide. | Free items, TV and Print ads| 150g – P68. 75350g – P157. 50700g – P276. 50| Birch Tree| Snow Mountain Dairy Corporation| Available in all leading supermarkets in GMA, North and South Luzon| TV ads| 80g – P25. 75150g – P48300g – P93. 50700g – P212. 0| Table 3 : Market share of Powdered Milk Category Comparison Table Source: AC Nielsen Figure 4 : Market Share of powdered milk for 2011 Source: AC Nielsen * Market Trends The lifestyle  of the urban  Filipino is continually changing wherein a local patron not only spends more time away from home but home cooked meals are being replaced by packaged or  ready-to-eat meals. With the Filipino propensity for buying only for their daily needs, the variety and availability of smaller retail packs has increased. Food processors realize that this is a huge segment of  the market and develop sachet packaging accordingly. Metro Manila remains as the major market for fresh milk classified into business and consumer markets. The business markets include the institutional markets and the retail sector such as coffee shops, hotels, restaurants, supermarkets and small retailers. Meanwhile, the consumer markets include households and schools through the milk feeding program of the government. Consumption of drinking milk products remains dependent on the level of consumer disposable income. During 2011, there has been a challenge for customers to stretch their budgets due to skyrocketing commodity prices coupled by the volatile prices of fuel and utilities. With these struggles, disposable income has declined which became unfavorable in the consumption of drinking milk. Some middle and lower income consumers are not really milk consumers and milk has a low priority on grocery lists. IV. Situational Analysis – Consumer Analysis The main customers of Alaska powdered milk are composed of parents who have children ages 4-12 who are currently in the so called â€Å"growth gap years†. Teens also consume the product because of its rich taste and creaminess. * Nature of the buying decision According to research 25% of the total grocery budget of people are spent on beverages. And 10 percent of it goes to milk drinks while 5-7 percent goes to milk/dairy products. The average budget for grocery is P 7, 703. Figure 5: Consumer Spending 2011 Source:TNS Global Research * Geographic Philippines is chosen to be the target location of this strategic plan. It has a population of 95,687,643 (July 2011 est. ). The population of Luzon is 46,228,000 (2011 est. ). Visayas has 27,877,103 population (2011 est. ) and Mindanao has a population of 21,582,540 (2011 est. ). Below are the areas with their following percentage in grocery budget for milk beverage. Metro Manila together with Rizal got the highest percentage among all the areas with 13%. And urban areas give higher priority in milk beverages rather than those in rural areas. Table 4: Average Current Budget 2011 Source:TNS Global Research * Demographic The consumers are ranging from 4-12years old. Majority of the customers are female and only few are men. This is because the main customers are housewives or single parent and men are usually in their own jobs. The household income bracket of the consumers ranges from P30, 000. 00 to P 7,000. 00 and below. And the average budget they allot for grocery is P7, 703. Wherein P8, 400 are the average grocery budget of people in urban areas while P5, 400 are being spent in rural areas. Class C allots an average of P 12,000 for their grocery budget. * Psychographics The socio economic status is Class C. Class C is the majority of the consumers which composes of families with regular compensation. Consumers are mostly College Undergraduate and High School Graduate. The consumers are identified as Makers. These consumers are the low-resource group of those who are motivated by self- expression. They are practical people who value self- sufficiency. They are focused on the familiar- family, work, and physical recreation- and have little interest in the broader world. As consumers, they appreciate practical and functional products. The customers of Alaska milk products are housewives and single parents. They are practical in choosing products to buy and are more focused in family life while single parents are focused on their work at the same time with their child. They are also practical in buying products since they are the only one that supports the child. * Benefits Good quality of milk products, nutritional value and value for money are the most expected benefits of the customers. The product should be produced with good quality containing all the nutrients needed of children during their growth gap years with reasonable price. * Usage Patterns Customers are considered to be long time users since the Alaska brand has been trusted for 40 years. People grew up with the Alaska Powdered Milk and because of the intergeneration effect, relatives and mothers are usually the entities to influence the usage of the product. Advertisements also influence the usage pattern of the consumers. * Purchase Patterns The frequencies of purchasing product were in weekly and monthly basis. The numbers of milk products brought per week or per month are depending on consumers’ necessities and preferences. In supermarkets, groceries, and sari- sari stores mostly the products are brought. * Consumer/ Customer Preferences Consumers prefer a milk product that has their demanded qualities like deliciously sweet and creamy, nutritious and affordable. The four P’s, Product, Price, Place, and Promotion were all important factors considered in selection of what milk products/brand to buy. V. Situational Analysis – INTERNAL ANALYSIS ALASKA MILK CORPORATION (AMC) is a leading manufacturer of milk products in the Philippines. It has established a strong brand heritage and recognition among Filipino consumers with its traditional liquid canned milk products, marketed under the Alaska brand. In addition, the Company has developed a strong competitive position in the powdered milk category and a growing presence in the UHT ready-to-drink and ready-to-use segments. Company Resources * Financial Alaska Milk Corporation delivered another year of solid performance, ending 2010 with a new record net income of P1. 82 billion, a 29% improvement over the P1. 41 billion net income earned in 2009. Fueling the growth was the strong sales volume expansion across the Company’s portfolio of milk products alongside lower input costs as well as prudent spending. Net sales for 2010 grew by 15% to P12. 16 billionfrom P10. 58 billion a year ago, underpinned by the double-digit growth of the domestic milk market as the Philippine economy sharply rebounded from the slowdown in 2009. In addition, sustained advertising campaigns and demand-generating promotional initiatives help pushed sales volumes higher yearon- year, a significant achievement amidst aggressive competition and market challenges. Operating expenses for the year increased significantly, by 22% at P2. 28 billion from P1. 87 billion in 2009. The increase can be attributed to higher advertising and promotional spending to boost consumer demand for Alaska Milk products. (In million pesos) Figure 6: Net Sales of AMC (In million pesos) Figure 7: Net operating expenses of AMC (In million pesos) Figure 8: Net Income of AMC (In million pesos) * People Alaska Milk Corporation recognizes that their people, the Alaska Team members, are one of their most important assets and they are committed to promote their safety and welfare. Their wealth of experience, ideas, dedication and strong work ethic lay the foundation for the Company’s continued success. It is the company’s goal as much as it is theirs, to pursue and reach their full potentials through continuing education, training, and skills-enhancement programs. They challenge each individual by providing the opportunity to contribute to the Company’s endeavors. Total employees headcount as of December 31, 2010 are as follows: Executives-14 Managers and Supervisors-225 Rank and File-488 Consultant-1 Board of Directors Our board of directors have successful careers in businese, academe and public service. With their wealth of experience, they add significant perspective and direction into how management shapes and executes business strategies. The Board of Directors is being led by Chairman Antonio Ozaeta. Management Team Our senior management team shares the same mission, vision and values — driven by a sense of accountability to be successful as individuals and as a company. The President and CEO of Alaska Milk Corporation is Wilfred Steven Uytengsu Jr. * Product Offerings * Liquid Canned Milk The Company’s first generation of milk products are Alaska Evaporated Filled Milk and Alaska Sweetened Condensed Filled Milk. Alaska Evaporada and Condensada are the perfect enhancers for various food and beverage preparations. Today, Alaska Milk Corporation has a dominant position in the liquid canned milk category, accounting for nearly 80% of the market. * Alaska Evaporated Filled Milk * Alaska Sweetened Condensed Filled Milk * Cow Bell Condensada * Alaska Creamer * Alaska Evaporada * Alaska Condensada * Alaska Milk Corporation bought from Nestle: * Alpine * Liberty * Krem-Top * Krem-top All purpose Cream * Also long-term licensing agreement for AMC to manufacture and sell the ff. brands for liquid canned milk products: * Carnation * Milkmaid * Powdered Milk The Company has likewise built a solid position in the Powdered Milk Category. With the heritage gained by the Alaska line of liquid canned milk products, the Company’s Alaska Powdered Milk Drink, the most nutritious powdered milk, has emerged as the second leading brand in the market. * Alaska Powdered Milk Drink * UHT Ready -to -Drink Milk Alaska Milk Corporation also offers a line of Ready-to-Drink milk products that come in both plain and flavored milk. The Company’s line of Ready-to-Drink milk products use Ultra High Temperature (UHT) process combined with aseptic packaging – to ensure product quality, hygiene and longer shelf life. Alaska Fresh Milk * Alaska Slim Milk * Alaska Choco! * Alaska Sweet Milk! * Alaska Yoghurt Drink (Strawberry, Blueberry, Orange and Green Apple) * UHT Ready -to -Use Product Alaska Crema All-Purpose Cream is a result of the Company’s effort to broaden its product portfolio in higher value-added segments. Launched in 2003, Alaska Crema enhances the taste of a variety of food preparations, bringing gourmet goodness at home. * Alaska Crema All-Purpose Cream * Non-Dairy Coffee Creamer The latest addition to the Company’s portfolio of quality products is Alaska Krem-Top Coffee Creamer. A non-dairy coffee creamer, Alaska Krem-Top enhances coffee experience with its rich flavor and aroma. In a blind test, more coffee drinkers in Metro Manila like Alaska Krem-Top better than the leading coffee creamer brand. * Alaska Krem-Top Coffee Creamer Alaska Milk Corporation currently has a partnership with Kelloggs due the complementary nature of the two products and the two companies' thrust in promoting â€Å"healthy breakfast = cereals + milk†, and the former's strong operational structure and distribution capabilities. * Objectives Mission statement and Vision statement OUR VISION†¦ Is to be a leading consumer foods company with a diversified portfolio of consumer food brands and products that are market leaders in their respective categories. OUR MISSION†¦ PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT We will continue to build on the strengths and competitive attributes of the ALASKA brand and develop its full marketing potential. We will develop new products and identify market opportunities, mindful of our task to be responsive to the ever changing and growing needs of our consumers. PEOPLE We recognize that our people, the Alaska Team Members, are on of our most important assets and we are committed to promote their safety and welfare. Their wealth of experience, ideas, dedication and strong work ethic lay the foundation for the Company's continued success. It is our goal as much as it is theirs, to pursue and reach their full potentials through continuing education, training, and skills-enhancement programs. We challenge each individual by providing the opportunity to contribute to the Company's endeavors. PROFITABLE GROWTH Growth that creates value for our shareholders is paramount. We will deploy our resources on investment opportunities that are within our core competence and yield excellent returns relative to its risks and which are consistent with our growth objectives. SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY We recognize our role in nation building by promoting the protection of the environment and taking part in various community-building projects that help enhance and uplift the quality of life of the underprivileged and the marginalized sectors of our society. * Financial objectives * To increase sales by 25. 5% within the strategic planning period. To increase the gross profit by 37% prior to the gross profit annually. * To lower operating expenses by 2% annually. * Marketing objectives * To increase product top of mind awareness amongst the target audience by 15% for the next three consecutive years. * To increase market share by 2% annually in three years. * To increase the BUMO (Brand used more often) percentage by 13% annually . VI. SWOT ANALYSIS INTERNAL FACTORS ST RENGTHS| WEAKNESSES| * Experienced and well trained employeesExperienced employees are the key to the success of AMC helping to drive them forward with expertise and knowledge. Superior quality of productsHigh quality products/services is a vital strength, helping to ensure customers return to AMC. * Good Supplier RelationshipSupplier relationships are strong at AMC, which can only be seen as strength in their overall performance. | | * Higher price than competitorsCost and expenses in the production of milk results to high price of their product in the market. Thus, it will add up to the transportation costs of the product. * Fluctuating Demand of the product. The demand for the product is inconsistent. * Limited supply baseAMC uses imported milk for its products. Future events that might happen, causing delay and disturbances in the supply chain, can affect the operation of AMC. | EXTERNAL FACTORS OPPORTUNITIES| THREATS| * Strong brand imageAMC's reputation is strong and popular, meaning people view it with respect and believe in it. AMC's position in the market is high and strong – a major strength in this industry as they are ahead of many rivals. * Technological AdvancementThe trend in the dairy industry is the use of new machineries and technology for faster production and better quality of milk. AMC can follow the trend to be able to top the industry. Limited choices of productsAMC can have diversified line of related milk products to offer in the market. | * Competition The dairy industry gets bigger and bigger because new entrants in the market. Existing competitors still creates and innovates products. Thus, competition becomes intense. * Product substitutionDue to consumers’ practicality, they prefer to buy cheaper subs titute products. * Economic CrisisA slow economy or financial slowdown could have a major impact on AMC business and profits. In effect, price wars between competitors, price cuts and so on could damage profits for AMC. | VII. MARKETING RESEARCH AC Nielsen conducted a marketing research last August 19, 2011 entitled â€Å"Project Silk Report: A Usage, Attitude and Image Study on Milk Products Used by Food Service Outlets †. According to reasearch, powdered milk is not a widely used ingredient in food outlets. Only kapihans use powdered milk regularly. Moreover, relative to other milk categories, kapihans’ weekly purchase and usage volume for powdered milk is fairly low. Kapihans use powdered milk because it is creamy. Powdered milk is also liked because it is tasty and liked by customers. Alaska precedes Bear brand in terms of awareness and usage. Bear brand owns the powdered milk category with high brand saliency and regular usage. Despite this, Alaska performs relatively better than other powdered milk brands, since they happen to have minimal or no usage at all from kapihans. Alaska and Bear brand excel on the same attributes: affordability & availability. Building a ‘creamy’ image for Alaska will be an advantage since the attribute is not strongly associated with Bear Brand. Also, creaminess happens to be one of the main reasons why kapihans use powdered milk. RESULTS: In general, powdered milk is not a widely used ingredient in food outlets with its usage primarily to kapihan. Figure 10: Usage of Powdered Milk Another marketing research done by TNS International Research entitled â€Å"Project Hermes: Lifestyle and Brand Health Check†, suggests the following actions in the powdered milk category of AMC: * Sustain current retention strategies as well as current strengths on being easily available and affordable * Address challenges in brand usage in Ilocos, Cebu, Davao and among middle class by * further understanding their current needs and any white spaces * continuing with communication efforts addressed to these segments * Further strengthen branding of ads aired to maximize motivational promise. It also discussed the advertising efforts of AMC and its competitors in the powdered milk category. The figure below shows the performance of the ads in powdered milk category. Figure 11: Ad performance measurement The TV ad of Alaska entitled â€Å"Alaska’s Buboy† featuring Caesar Montano gained positive comments. According to the research, the company did a great job in choosing Montano as the endorser of powdered milk. Montano gained 83% positive comments while 4% of the respondents viewed it negatively. And the remaining 11% did not comment. This shows that TV advertisements contributes alot to brand awareness. VIII. MARKETING STRATEGY * Solution The first strategy to be used by the company is redesigning the product. AMC will create a new packaging design for the powdered milk so that it can capture the interest of the people. The next strategy to be used is development. We will add nutritional value to current powdered milk so that it can fully satisfy the needed nutrition of the children. The last strategy to be used is creation. We will innovate the product into another variety like Alaska Powdered Milk for Adults or Alaska Powdered Chocolate Milk to capture different segments of the market. Information The strategies to be used in creating and building brand awareness are focused advertising and sales promotions. One way to spark interest for AMC’s product is through advertising. We will develop a TV commercial since almost all household owns a television set. The next action that we will do is to advertise through transportation medium like taxis and buses. This action is appli cable for Mega Manila. Lastly, we will print out stickers to be posted at the back of tricycles in the provinces. Another strategy is through sales promotion. This can be through coupons and gift certificates, contests and collectibles and freebies. Lastly, we will be having events and sponsorship. We will conduct concerts for a cause and other fund raising activities. The funds that we will get will be used for school feeding programs and activities and for charitable institutions. We will also be having caravan tour for brand activation. With the caravan tour, we will be giving samples of our product. * Value This strategy focuses on how will the company reduce its price to be more competitive in the market. The first strategy is through competitive pricing. This can be done by lowering the distribution costs. Thus, it will result to lower price of the product. Another one is through discounts. This will be applicable for bulk purchasing. The next strategy will be promo package. We will be having bundles wherein the powdered milk will be partnered in other products of Alaska. * Access In order to boost the sales, one way is to improve the distribution system and increase the number of distribution channels that can be used to distribute. In order for the product to be more accessible, our strategy will be through online marketing. The economies of scale will lessen. Thus, the burden of distribution expense will not be carried by the consumers anymore. We will also be having free deliveries within Mega Manila. Lastly, we will be offering online services for loyal customers. The next strategy will be Direct Marketing. We will promote the powdered milk in different retail stores to make the product more accessible to all targeted locations. Next will be thru door-to-door selling. We will designate certain number of sellers to offer the powdered milk to household consumers. The problem of mobility of our product will be resolved with the use of carts to sell the product. IX. Implementation Plan SOLUTION * Product Repackaging One way to capture the interest of target consumers is through creative packaging. We will be planning what will be the best packaging design and size for the powdered milk. Action| Department Involve| Time Frame| Budget| Planning and organizing a team to create a new packaging design| Marketing department representatives| 5 days1st week of December| P 50,000| Finalizing and approval of new packaging design plan| Product department | 1 day1st week of December| P 20,000| Pilot Testing| Marketing Department 1 week 2nd week of December| P700, 000| Reevaluation of the pilot testing| Operation Department | 1 week3rd week of December| P 50, 000| Start of repackaging process| Operation Department| 1 week4th week of December| P 2, 500, 000| Start of distribution on newly repackaged products| | 1st week of January| P 1,000, 000| * Product Development The Product development strategy will focus on adding nutritional value to the current pr oduct of AMC which will benefit the target consumers. With its improved nutritional facts, more health conscious parents will be attracted to purchase the product. Thus, leading to an increase in sales for the company. Action/Activities| Department/Person involved| Time frame| Budget| Planning and generating ideas for the product development. | Research and Development Department| 1 monthJanuary| P 3, 000, 000| Product screening and evaluation. | Top Level Management and Marketing Department| 2 weeks1st to 2nd week of February| P 50, 000| Register/Issuance of License to Operate (LTO) and approval of Bureau of Food and Industry (BFAD)| Marketing Department| 3 months3rd week of February to 2nd week of May| P 60, 000| Producing sample products that will be used in product testing. Production Department| 1 week3rd week of May| P 1, 500, 000| Test Marketing. | Marketing Department| 1 week4th week of May| P 500, 000| Pilot testing| Marketing Department| 1 monthJune| P 2, 500, 000| Reviewing the results of the pilot testing. | Marketing and Research Department| 1 week1st week of July| P 80, 000| Producing product samples and actual products that will be distributed. | Production Department| 2 weeks2nd and 3rd week of July| P 3, 500, 000| Introducing the product to the market and distributing product samples. Marketing Department| 1 week4th week of July| P 1,500, 000| Distributing the actual products. | Marketing Department| 1st week of August| P 1, 000, 000| * Creating New Product Another strategy that we will be using is the creation of new product. AMC will create a new product that will satisfy the demands of the consumer. We will make another segment of powdered milk that will cover not only the children under the growth-gap years, but also other potential customer that consumes powdered milk in their daily basis. The creation of new product will expand the target consumers of AMC and will also increase the potential buyers of the product. Thus, it will increase the sales of AMC. Action/Activities| Department/Person involved| Time frame| Budget| Planning and creating a research study about consumer demands. | Research and Development Department| 3 monthsJanuary-April| P 2, 500, 000| Reviewing research report and planning and brainstorming of ideas for the new product development. Marketing Department| 3 weeks1st week of May- 3rd week of May| P 90, 000| Creating the new product| Production Department| 1 month4th week of May- June| P 4,000,000| Product screening and evaluation. | Top Level Management and Marketing Department| 1 week1st week of July| P 50, 000| Register/Issuance of License to Operate (LTO) and approval of Bureau of Food and Industry (BFAD)| | 3 months2nd week of July to 2nd week of October| P 100, 000| Producing sample products that will be used in product testing. Marketing Depa rtment| 1 week4th week of October| P 3,000,000| Test Marketing. | Marketing Department| 1 week1st week of November| P 300, 000| Pilot testing| Marketing Department| 1 month2nd week of November to December| P 3, 000, 000| Reviewing the results of the pilot testing. | Marketing Department| 1 week2nd week of December| P 50, 000| Producing product samples and actual products that will be distributed. | Production Department| 2 weeks3rd and 4th week of December| P 4,000, 000| Introducing the product to the market and distributing product samples. Marketing Department| 1 week1st week of January| P 2, 000, 000| Distributing the actual products. | Marketing Department| 2nd week of January| P 500, 000| INFORMATION * ADVERTISING Transit Advertising Transit advertising will be done to create product awareness. We will be using different transportation medium to advertise. We will use taxis and buses to roam around the busy streets of the metro, While in the provinces; we will use stickers to b e posted at the back of tricycles. Action| Department Involve| Time Frame| Budget| Planning and Selecting of modes of transportation for transit advertising| Marketing department representative| 2 days1st week of February| P 20,000| Planning and making of the stickers for tricycles and jeepneys. | Marketing department representative| 3 days2nd week of February| P 1,200,000| Finalizing of transit advertising plan| Advertising department| 1 day2nd week of February| P 30,000| Meeting with representatives of the chosen Bus companies and jeepney operators| Marketing department representative| 2 days3rd week of February| P 30, 000| Start of transit advertising. Coverage of transit advertisement(Bus, Tricycles, Jeepney)| | 1st week of March| P 5,000,000| * Television Advertising Almost all Filipino household owns a television set. TV advertising has the power to show and tell many people about the product, and actually demonstrates the benefits of acquiring it. Since they see how it works and how it is packaged, every time they see it they will be psychologically reminded of their desire to have it. Action| Time Frame| Department Involve| Budget| Planning and Selecting of artists, celebrities and personalities to endorse the product in TV ad. | Marketing Department Representative| 1 week1st week of February| P 50,000| Meeting with managers of selected artists regarding payments, endorsement, terms of agreement| Marketing Department Representative| 1 week2nd week of February| P 150, 000| Contract signing and partial payment of the company to the selected endorsers. Company project head, Mangers and Endorsers| 1 day3rd week February| P 2,000,000| Meeting with representatives of advertising company regarding the execution of advertising plan. | Marketing Department Representative| 1 week1st week of March| P25, 000| Creation of story board by the chosen Advertising Agency| Advertising Agency| 6 weeks2nd week of March| P 2,000,000| Finalizing the advertising plan for television. | Advertising Department| 1 week1st week of May| P 50,000| Pilot airing of TV ad| Advertising Department| 1 week3rd week of May| P1, 500, 000| Coverage of TV advertisement. (ABS-CBN 2, GMA 7 and TV5)| | 1st week of June- July1st week of October- December| P 30,000,000| SALES PROMOTIONS * Events and Sponsorship We will be holding events like concert for a cause, fun run and different fund raising activities from which we can promote the products of the company. The proceeds of the events will be used for school programs and activities for the betterment of children. Also we will accept application for sponsorship related to the objectives and goals of the company. Action/Activities| Department/Person involved| Time frame| Budget| Review the sponsorship and exhibitor packages and related benefits| Marketing Department| 1 week1st week of October| P 30, 000| Determining and selecting which best potential event/ exhibit meets the company’s goal| Marketing Department| 1 week2nd week of October | P 50, 000| Meeting and coordinating with the event/exhibit organizers| Marketing Department| 2 weeks3rd week to 4th week of October| P 50, 000| Evaluation and approval for the sponsorship| Top Level Management | 1 week 1st week of November| P 50, 000| Preparing and allocating funds for the event that will be sponsor| Finance Department| 1 week2nd week of November| P 2, 000, 000| Capture data and measure results| Top Management| 1 week3rd week of November| P 30, 000| * Caravan This strategy will be focused on visiting different schools on the month of August, in line with the celebration of the Nutrition Month. There will be selected schools around th e country that will be visited by our team and we will give powdered milk pouch samples to the students of the chosen school. It will contribute to the increase of brand awareness to our target consumers. Action| Department Involve| Time Frame| Budget| Planning and organizing a team to conduct the caravan. Marketing Department| 1 week1st week of June| P 30,000| Identifying the school that will be the scope of the caravan. | Marketing Department| 1 week2nd week of June| P 20,000| Contracting a certain bus company for the leasing of the bus and for the terms and conditions. | Marketing Department/ Finance Department| 1 day3rd week of June| P 500,000| Designing the bus that will be used in the caravan. | Advertising Department| 1 week4th week of June| P 50,000| Preparing the sample products that will be given out to the students of the chosen school. | Production Department| 2 weeks1st-2nd week of July| P 1,500,000| Start of the caravan. | Logistics Department| Whole month of August| P 150,000| * FUND RAISING Action/Activities| Department/Person involved| Time frame| Budget| Developing goals and making fundraising plans| Marketing Department| 2 weeks1st week of June| P 70, 000| Searching for prospects that can help in the fundraising activities| Marketing Department| 2 weeks3rd to 4th week of June| P 50, 000| Searching for venue/facilities needed in the fundraising and other related materials | Marketing Department| 1 week1st week of July| P 40, 000| Estimating and allocation of fundraising programs costs| Finance Department| 1 week2nd week of July| P 30,000| Finalizing plans and evaluation of the programs and events| Top Level Management| 2 days3rd week of July| P 20, 000| Meeting and coordinating with organizers and other sponsors| Marketing Department| 1 week4th week of July| P 60,000| Fundraising Activity| | 1 month August| P 1,000,000| Program evaluation| Marketing department| 1 week1st week of September| P 50, 000| PRICING PRICING * Promotional Package ( Bundle ) Promotional package will attract more potential customers since they can avail discounts when they buy a bundle of AMC products in line with the Alaska Powdered Milk. Action| Department Involve| Time Frame| Budget| Planning and choosing of products that will be used for the promotional package. | Marketing department| 1 week2nd week of September| P 50,000| Meeting with the owners of the chosen supermarkets wherein the promotional package will be distributed. Marketing department| 1 day3rd week of September| P 20,000| Finalizing and creating the design of the packaging. | | 1 week4th week of September| P 1,000, 000| Distributing the promotional package. (SM supermarkets, Robinson’s Place supermarkets and Puregold)| | 1st week of October – Last week of December| P 800,000| * Minimizing Distribution Cost This strategy will be focusing on minimizing the distribution costs. Minimizing the cost will contribute to the aim of having a competitive pricing. By reducing the cost, we can also reduce the price. Action/Activities| Department/Person involved| Time frame| Budget| Reviewing distribution system. | Logistics Department| 1 week2nd week of January| P 10, 000| Brainstorming about the documents. Logistics Department| 1 week3rd week of January| P 15, 000| Planning and organizing Distribution system| Logistics Department| 3 weeks1st – 3rd week of February| P 30, 000| Eliminating unproductive labor and Reducing waste and material usage. | Top Management | 2 monthsMarch- April| P 100, 000| Improve equipment performance and space utilization through consolidation| Logistics Department| 2 months1st week of May-June| P 500 ,000| Implementation of the new distribution system| Logistics Department| 1st week of July| P 1, 000, 000| * Discounts As competition in the milk industry arises, several discounts and promos are coming out in the market. So we also plan to have discounts as one of our strategies to generate interest in getting customers to try Alaska milk products. It will enable more target markets try Alaska Milk products within their budget capability. Action| Department Involve| Time Frame| Budget| Planning the discounts to be place in the market. | Marketing department representatives| 1 week1st week of December| P 10,000| Identify the target location/area to put the discounts. As well as, identifying how much discounts there would be. | Marketing department| 1 day2nd week of December| P 5,000| Consultation and evaluation of the discount plan. | Top Level Management/ Marketing department| 1 week3rd week of December| P 1, 500, 000| Allocation and budgeting of the discounts to be placed. | | 1st week of January| P 500, 000| ACCESS * Online Marketing Online Marketing is one way of making Alaska milk products more accessibility in the market in which it less time consuming and more convenient to the wholesale target consumers. We will be offering the products only and they can acquire the products in wholesale through the internet. We will also be having free delivery service. Action| Department Involve| Time Frame| Budget| Planning and making a web layout design that will be used for the Online Marketing. | Advertising Department| 2 weeks1st-2nd week of January| P 100,000| Hiring an additional workforce that will maintain and respond to the customers demand/inquiries. | Human Resource Department| 1 month3rd week of January-3rd week of February| P 10,000| Launching of the Online Marketing Website of Alaska Milk Corporation. | March| P 200,000| * Direct Marketing This strategy is designed to increase the sales in which the sales force of Alaska Milk Corporation will conduct door-to-door selling in order to offer the products direct ly to the customers and generate sales. Action| Department Involve| Time Frame| Budget| Planning and organizing a team that will conduct the door-to-door selling. | Marketing Department| 1 week1st week of March| P 50,000| Identifying the location in which the door-to-door selling will be conducted. | Marketing department| 2 weeks2nd-3rd week of March| P50,000| Orienting and training the sales force about the door-to-door selling. | Human Resource Department| 3 weeks4th week of March- 3rd week of April| P200,000| Preparing the materials and products that will be used in the door-to-door selling. | Production Management| 1 week4th week of April| P2,000,000| Start of the door-to-door selling. | | May| P500,000| X. Financial Summary XI. Contigencies 1. Fortuitous Events like natural calamities The company must have inventory management to assure the availability of supply in case of these events. 2. Contamination of raw materials The Company should have an alternative supplier to still meet the demand for their products. 3. Problems regarding pests and rodents Quality control should be practiced by the company to assure the safety and quality of the products. . Recession The Company must still be able to meet the demands of consumers by means of inventory management. 5. Change in Technological environment The Company should adapt to the advent of technology to be able to have better and faster production and service. XII. Appendi x I Alaska Milk Corporation Corinthian Plaza, Paseo de Roxas Building, Makati City, Manila www. alaskamilk. com. ph National Dairy Authority www. nda. da. gov. ph National Statistics Office www. census. gov. ph www. nso. gov. ph Chanrobles Virtual Library www. chanrobles. com Department of Trade and Industry www. dti. gov. ph Ivory Qual Full Report AC Nielsen Research www. ielsen. com Projecy Hermes Final Report TNS Global Market Research www. tnsglobal. com Project Silk Report AC Nielsen Research www. nielsen. com Appendix ll Powdered Milk Offtake: June 2008 – Nov 2011 (In Tons) www. alaskamilk. com. ph Usage Performance: Cesar Montano for APM TNS Global Market Research www. tnsglobal. com How Is The Budget Spent? TNS Global Market Research www. tnsglobal. com Typical Grocery Budget TNS Global Market Research www. tnsglobal. com Weekly Purchase Volume of Powdered Milk AC Nielsen Research www. nielsen. com Quality Awareness AC Nielsen Research www. nielsen. com APPENDIX III A MC Annual Report www. alaskamilk. com. ph